{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T08:54:01Z","timestamp":1791968041114,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008747","name":"Deutsche Alzheimer Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u20101061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u20101061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early\u2010stage Alzheimer Disease (AD) may lead to restricted decision\u2010making capacity and without standardized instruments, there is great variability in determining patients' ability to give consent. This study aimed to assess decision\u2010making capacity of AD patients in comparison to a healthy control group and investigated the usefulness of visual aids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A group of 30\u2009\n                      <jats:sc>ad<\/jats:sc>\n                      patients and 30 healthy controls were compared using the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT\u2010T). Additionally, we implemented a modified version of the MacCAT\u2010T with visual aids.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results revealed a significant difference in the MacCAT\u2010T domain of Understanding between the AD and control group after adjustment for age, sex, and education. No significant differences were found for Appreciation, Reasoning, or Expression of Choice. Adding visual aids led to no significant improvements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Standardized assessments can be valuable tools for determining the decision\u2010making capacity of patients with early\u2010stage AD. The efficacy of visual aids should be further investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.70227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T08:34:17Z","timestamp":1791966857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Medical Decision\u2010Making Capacity in Early\u2010Stage Alzheimer Patients: Comparison With Healthy Controls and Benefit of Assistive Information"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4811-9769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilara Aylin Felice","family":"Vossberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 1  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7306-7017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasilija","family":"Rolfes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 1  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiner","family":"Fangerau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 1  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Haupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 1  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"Teaching Practice of the Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf; Hohenzollernstra\u00dfe 5  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205015666180427124547"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u20105415.1994.tb04974.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u20105415.1997.tb05170.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Evaluating Medical Decision\u2010Making Capacity in Practice","volume":"98","author":"Barstow C.","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.094938"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35248\/2385\u20105495.23.9.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181dd1c3b"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14111113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.049643"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000417"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","volume-title":"Assessment of Older Adults With Diminished Capacity: A Handbook for Psychologists","author":"American Bar Association Commission on Law and Aging","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17433\/978-3-17-037898-8","volume-title":"Einwilligung von Menschen mit Demenz in medizinische Ma\u00dfnahmen: Interdisziplin\u00e4re S2k\u2010Leitlinie f\u00fcr die medizinische Praxis","author":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Gerontologie und Geriatrie (DGGG)","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11298-022-3076-5","article-title":"Die interdisziplin\u00e4re S2k\u2010Leitlinie Demenz: Einwilligung in medizinische Ma\u00dfnahmen","volume":"12","author":"Tesky V. 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