{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T08:27:14Z","timestamp":1792052834185,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Park Administration, National Science Council, Taiwan","award":["102MG09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["102MG09"]}]},{"name":"Science Park Administration, National Science Council, Taiwan","award":["100-2627-B-010-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["100-2627-B-010-003"]}]},{"name":"Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","award":["10201-62-062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10201-62-062"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Fourteen self\u2010reported insomniacs (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and 14 good sleepers (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) had their cardiac neuronal activity assessed by heart rate variability (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) under controlled respiration at a slow frequency rate of 0.1\u2009Hz, and a forced rate of 0.2\u2009Hz during daytime rest. Nighttime sleep was measured by polysomnography. The SRI showed depressed high frequency power of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    compared to the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . An increased total power of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    was observed among the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    during slow, paced breathing compared with spontaneous breathing and 0.2\u2009Hz. Sleep onset latency, number of awakenings, and awakening time during sleep were decreased and sleep efficiency was increased if\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    practiced slow, paced breathing exercises for 20\u2009min before going to sleep. Our results indicate that there is autonomic dysfunction among insomniacs, especially in relation to vagal activity; however, this decreased vagal activity can be facilitated by practicing slow, paced breathing, thereby improving sleep quality.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,19]],"date-time":"2014-09-19T00:50:28Z","timestamp":1411087828000},"page":"388-396","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Efficacy of paced breathing for insomnia: Enhances vagal activity and improves sleep quality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"H. 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J.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Brain Science National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Education and Research Taipei City Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain Research Center National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo\u2010She","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Research Taipei City Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine National Yang\u2010Ming University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl C. 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