{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:39:10Z","timestamp":1785807550828,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,8]],"date-time":"2017-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Paykel Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIA), a decline in executive function may limit an individual's ability to process motor tasks and relearn motor skills. The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effect of exercise posture (seated vs. supine cycle ergometry) on executive function and prefrontal cortex perfusion in patients with TIA. Eleven TIA patients (65\u2009\u00b1\u200910 years) and 15 age\u2010matched, healthy controls (HC; 62\u2009\u00b1\u20097 years) completed two exercise tests to maximal capacity (one seated, one supine) and two 30\u2010min submaximal exercise tests (one seated, one supine). Executive function was assessed prior to and following (1.5 min post, 15 min post) the submaximal exercise tests using a Stroop task. Prefrontal cortex perfusion (total hemoglobin) was continuously recorded using near\u2010infrared spectroscopy. There was no Posture (seated, supine) \u00d7 Group (TIA, HC) interaction for the Stroop task (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). HC completed Stroop tasks significantly faster than TIA (51.9[<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910.3] vs. 64.2[8.5] s, respectively), while Stroop completion time significantly improved between baseline and 1.5 min post (61.3[10] vs. 58.1[9.4] s, respectively) and 1.5 min post and 15 min post (54.8[8.9] s). Posture and group had no significant influence on prefrontal cortex perfusion (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). In summary, executive function improves to a similar extent in TIA and age\u2010matched, healthy controls following an acute bout of exercise, regardless of exercise posture. As acute improvements in executive function were maintained for 15 min, there could be an important window of opportunity for assigning executive tasks following exercise rehabilitation for patients with TIA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,8]],"date-time":"2017-04-08T05:47:06Z","timestamp":1491630426000},"page":"1239-1248","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Acute effects of exercise posture on executive function in transient ischemic attack patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"James","family":"Faulkner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport and Exercise University of Winchester Winchester United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Stoner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Massey University Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Grigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Massey University Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Fryer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise University of Gloucestershire Gloucester United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keeron","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise University of Gloucestershire Gloucester United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Lambrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Life Sciences University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2011.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.12.4.454"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.60.6.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales","author":"Borg G.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1992.262.3.C766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.02.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.t01-1-01430"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211001980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03210730"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-013-0267-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2015-0454"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(92)80005-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0000000000000236"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(01)00112-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199812000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.6.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2088-06.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31817bb8b7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2007.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The ten\u2010twenty electrode system of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"52","author":"Klem G. 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