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Individuals with childhood onset depression have a particularly poor prognosis. There is compelling evidence that individuals with depression display reduced resting\u2010state EEG activity at sensors overlying the left prefrontal cortex, even during periods of remission, but it remains unknown whether this asymmetry is evident among individuals with a comorbid anxiety disorder. Here, we demonstrate that women with a history of childhood onset depression and no anxiety disorder (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 37) show reduced left lateral frontal activity compared to psychiatrically healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200969). In contrast, women with a history of childhood onset depression and pathological levels of anxious apprehension (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200918)\u2014as indexed by a current generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, or separation anxiety disorder diagnosis\u2014were statistically indistinguishable from healthy controls. Collectively, these observations suggest that anxious apprehension can mask the relationship between prefrontal EEG asymmetry and depression. These findings have implications for understanding (a) prefrontal EEG asymmetry as a neurophysiological marker of depression, (b) the comorbidity of depression and anxiety, and (c) failures to replicate the relationship between prefrontal EEG asymmetry and depression. More broadly, they set the stage for developing refined interventions for internalizing psychopathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,29]],"date-time":"2017-07-29T06:07:19Z","timestamp":1501308439000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Comorbid anxiety moderates the relationship between depression history and prefrontal EEG asymmetry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Robin","family":"Nusslock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Shackman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenton W.","family":"McMenamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Psychiatry University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence L.","family":"Greischar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Psychiatry University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Psychiatry University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Center for Healthy Minds University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kovacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2004.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. 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