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These LTI assumptions have previously been validated indirectly, by quantifying how much variance in SCR elicited by sensory stimulation is explained under an LTI model. This approach, however, collapses sources of variability in the nervous and effector organ systems. Here, we directly focus on the SN\/SCR mapping by harnessing two invasive methods. In an intraneural recording experiment, we simultaneously track SN activity and SCR. This allows assessing the SN\/SCR relationship but possibly suffers from interfering activity of non\u2010SN sympathetic fibers. In an intraneural stimulation experiment under regional anesthesia, such influences are removed. In this stimulation experiment, about 95% of SCR variance is explained under LTI assumptions when stimulation frequency is below 0.6 Hz. At higher frequencies, nonlinearities occur. In the intraneural recording experiment, explained SCR variance is lower, possibly indicating interference from non\u2010SN fibers, but higher than in our previous indirect tests. We conclude that LTI systems may not only be a useful approximation but in fact a rather accurate description of biophysical reality in the SN\/SCR system, under conditions of low baseline activity and sporadic external stimuli. Intraneural stimulation under regional anesthesia is the most sensitive method to address this question.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T15:06:36Z","timestamp":1504278396000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Testing a linear time invariant model for skin conductance responses by intraneural recording and stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Samuel","family":"Gerster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Psychiatry Research University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Neuroscience Centre Zurich University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Namer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology University of Erlangen Erlangen 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