{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:19:58Z","timestamp":1787015998082,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation, characterized by reduced vagally mediated Heart Rate Variability (HRV), has been associated with Attention\u2010Deficit\/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study investigated the dynamic vagal modulation of cardiac output in response to shifts in environmental demands in children and adolescents with ADHD, with and without a comorbid anxiety disorder. High\u2010frequency HRV (HF\u2010HRV) measures were obtained from 46 children and adolescents ranging from 6 to 17 (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a09.38;\n                    <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 2.31) years old, during three successive experimental conditions: a baseline recording followed by a sustained attention task, and a post\u2010task recovery period. Findings support the reliability of the d2 Test, a cancelation test of attention and concentration, to induce parasympathetic withdrawal and extend prior work on \u201cvagal flexibility\u201d. Further, these findings suggest a pattern of group differences in ANS functioning in children with ADHD, with and without a comorbid anxiety disorder. Only the ADHD without comorbid anxiety group showed a normative autonomic response to the cognitive challenge (reduced HF\u2010HRV). The participants did not display an adaptive process of restoration following the cognitive challenge; the HRV suppression was prolonged during post\u2010task recovery period, suggesting that ANS responded as if the cognitive stressor was still present. The current paper covers and discusses theoretical implications for the abnormalities in neurophysiological functioning and the different physiological responses in the two ADHD subtypes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T04:18:08Z","timestamp":1622175488000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Exploring autonomic regulation in children with ADHD with and without comorbid anxiety disorder through three systematic levels of cardiac vagal control analysis: Rest, reactivity, and recovery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6029-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreea","family":"Robe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School \u201cEvidence\u2010based Assessment and Psychological Interventions Babe\u0282\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca Romania"},{"name":"The International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health Babe\u0282\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8228-5833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Costina\u2010Ruxandra","family":"P\u0103s\u0103relu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health Babe\u0282\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca Romania"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Babe\u0282\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6089-1018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca","family":"Dobrean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health Babe\u0282\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca Romania"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Babe\u0282\u2010Bolyai University  Cluj\u2010Napoca Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12207-017-9293-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"179","volume-title":"The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment: Instruments for children and adolescents","author":"Achenbach T. M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3540420"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Effects of different automatic filters on the analysis of heart rate variability with kubios HRV software","volume":"34","author":"Aranda C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archivos de Medicina del Deporte"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","volume-title":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Diagnosis and management","author":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2015.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199910000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.179.2.144"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-016-0257-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000221378.09239.6a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/ae.2004.31.4.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199904000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191119858421"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119462996.ch16"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","volume-title":"ADHD rating Scale\u2010IV: Checklists, norms, and clinical interpretation","author":"DuPaul G. J.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2009.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157015908787386069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-020-00326-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2005.08.009"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"Anxiety and autonomic flexibility: A cardiovascular approach","volume":"49","author":"Friedman B. H.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022353731579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-014-0144-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2013.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2017.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8760(03)00073-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"693","volume-title":"Statistical methods for psychology","author":"Howell D. C.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.09091379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054712452914"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1992.tb02052.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3540470"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-014-0022-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2016.1174300"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00458"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617717000807"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014868"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200009000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005179014321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324826AN0902_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S146114570100236X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-012-0078-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pspp0000016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2016.1270828"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200102000-00008"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Testrezension zu Test d2\u2010 Aufmerksamkeits\u2010Belastungs\u2010Test. [A review of the Test d2\u2014Attention Deficit Test]","volume":"18","author":"Oswald W. D.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Zeitschrift F\u00fcr Differentielle Und Diagnostische Psychologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2013.834971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2020.104133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-016-0663-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.531092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198911000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199203000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054718817365"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511663963.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Attention and information processing in infants and adults: Perspectives from human and animal research","author":"Porges S. W.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.76.s2.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-006-0119-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-017-0859-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.75.2.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-172248"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.24.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.1993.3.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2011.02417.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611417632"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1994.tb01020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199507000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371005500506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.1995.5.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-006-0575-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2004.00251.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2015.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2013.54.1.55"}],"container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psyp.13850","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/psyp.13850","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psyp.13850","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T21:24:41Z","timestamp":1692825881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/psyp.13850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/psyp.13850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psyp.13850","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-5772","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8986","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13850"}}