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Previous research has revealed behavioral and neural asymmetries between the gain context and the loss context. The present event\u2010related potential study investigated the effects of contextual valence on neural dynamics underlying magnitude and time, two important reward dimensions, during feedback evaluation. Forty\u2010two participants performed a simple guessing task in which they experienced both a gain context wherein high or low rewards were delivered immediately or six months later, and a loss context wherein high or low losses were delivered in the same way. Results showed that in the gain context, time and magnitude information were processed in a parallel way during the time windows of the reward positivity (RewP) and the P3. In the loss context, however, time and magnitude information were processed in a serial way such that time information was encoded during the RewP and P3 periods, whereas magnitude information was not tracked until the time window of the late positive potential. Our findings suggest that the neural dynamics underlying time and magnitude information are distinct between the gain and loss contexts, thus providing a novel perspective for the well\u2010known gain\u2013loss asymmetry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T11:41:34Z","timestamp":1684323694000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Contextual valence influences the neural dynamics of time and magnitude representation during feedback evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7469-5955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ya","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Guangzhou University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puyu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Dalian Medical University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leyou","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Dalian Medical University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiping","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Dalian Medical University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Dalian Medical University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.1983.tb00909.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.3.270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2012.673478"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474\u20104422(09)70068\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1760\u201019.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415\u2010012\u20100122\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0301\u20100511(99)00044\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0893\u20106080(02)00052\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128356"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.1977.tb01312.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2018.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joep.2004.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.20134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033\u20102909.130.5.769"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.2007.00567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033\u2010295x.109.4.679"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.2004.00152.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42631"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003\u2010066x.58.9.697"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20108986.2011.01291.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","volume-title":"An introduction to the event\u2010related potential technique","author":"Luck S. 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