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However, the administration of exogenous OXT in humans produces inconsistent behavioral changes, affecting future consideration of OXT as a treatment for autism and other disorders with social symptoms. Inter\u2010individual variability in social functioning traits might play a key role in how OXT changes brain activity and, therefore, behavior. Here, we investigated if inter\u2010individual variability might dictate how single\u2010dose intranasal OXT administration (IN\u2010OXT) changes spontaneous neural activity during the eyes\u2010open resting state. We used a double\u2010blinded, randomized, placebo\u2010controlled, cross\u2010over design on 30 typically developing young adult men to investigate the dynamics of EEG microstates corresponding to activity in defined neural networks. We confirmed previous reports that, at the group level, IN\u2010OXT increases the representation of the attention and salience microstates. Furthermore, we identified a decreased representation of microstates associated with the default mode network. Using multivariate partial least square statistical analysis, we found that social functioning traits associated with IN\u2010OXT\u2010induced changes in microstate dynamics in specific spectral bands. Correlation analysis further revealed that the higher the social functioning, the more IN\u2010OXT increased the appearance of the visual network\u2010associated microstate, and suppressed the appearance of a default mode network\u2010related microstate. The lower the social functioning, the more IN\u2010OXT increases the appearance of the salience microstate. The effects we report on the salience microstate support the hypothesis that OXT regulates behavior by enhancing social salience. Moreover, our findings indicate that social functioning traits modulate responses to IN\u2010OXT and could partially explain the inconsistent reports on IN\u2010OXT effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T05:04:23Z","timestamp":1712725463000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Social functioning predicts individual changes in <scp>EEG<\/scp> microstates following intranasal oxytocin administration: A\u00a0double\u2010blind, cross\u2010over randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Miralena I.","family":"Tomescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology University \u201cStefan cel Mare\u201d of Suceava  Bucharest Romania"},{"name":"CINETic Center National University of Theatre and Film \u201cI.L. Caragiale\u201d Bucharest  Bucharest Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology University of Bucharest  Bucharest Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8838-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Van\u00a0der\u00a0Donck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Developmental Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Autism Research (LAuRes) KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela M.","family":"Perisanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases  Timisoara Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Sibiu  Sibiu Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandru I.","family":"Berceanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CINETic Center National University of Theatre and Film \u201cI.L. 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