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Vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) is positively associated with both cognitive\u2010affective functioning and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. Accordingly, the <jats:italic>Neurovisceral Integration Model<\/jats:italic> has posited a shared role of the PFC in the regulation of cognitive\u2010affective processes and autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. While there are numerous correlational findings in this regard, no study so far has investigated whether the manipulation of PFC activity induces changes in vmHRV and cognitive\u2010affective processing in an inter\u2010dependent manner. In a sample of 64 participants, we examined the effects of continuous (cTBS; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921) and intermittent theta\u2010burst stimulation (iTBS; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920) compared to sham stimulation (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) over the left dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) on vmHRV and cognitive\u2010affective processing within an emotional stop\u2010signal task (ESST). Our results revealed that both resting vmHRV and vmHRV reactivity predicted cognitive\u2010affective processing. Furthermore, we found a dampening effect of cTBS on resting and on\u2010task vmHRV, as well as an enhancing effect of iTBS on ESST performance. Our results show no direct association between vmHRV changes and ESST performance alterations following stimulation. We interpret our results in the light of a hierarchical model of neurovisceral integration, suggesting a dynamical situation\u2010dependent recruitment of higher\u2010order cortical areas like the dlPFC in the regulation of the ANS. In conclusion, our results highlight the complex interplay between PFC activity, autonomic regulation, and cognitive\u2010affective processing, emphasizing the need for further research to understand the causal dynamics of the underlying neural mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T05:24:02Z","timestamp":1718256242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The dynamic role of the left <scp>dlPFC<\/scp> in neurovisceral integration: Differential effects of theta burst stimulation on vagally mediated heart rate variability and cognitive\u2010affective processing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1320-6732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Schmau\u00dfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology German Sport University  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Raab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology German Sport University  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4842-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvain","family":"Laborde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Performance Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology German Sport University  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"UFR STAPS Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie  Caen France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23982128211058269"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089\u20102680.10.3.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2017.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0025\u20106196(12)62272\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2022.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24398"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364\u20106613(03)00197\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415\u2010020\u201000834\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.105070"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2010.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1960\u201014.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12632"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2019.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429\u2010023\u201002634\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00458"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.07.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","volume-title":"International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual","author":"Lang P. 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