{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:05:59Z","timestamp":1792263959490,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019326","name":"Misophonia Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Everyday sounds can elicit a range of emotional and physiological responses. For individuals with misophonia, some sounds can produce strong feelings of disgust, annoyance, and anger, often accompanied by increased perspiration and heart rate. Presently, methods of diagnosing misophonia rely on clinical interviews and self\u2010assessment scales. Coupling these subjective measures with an objective, physiological method like pupillometry may lead to improved understanding of misophonia and inform efficacy of treatments. Previous studies show that both unpleasant and pleasant sounds increase pupil diameter (Partala and Surakka 2003; Nakakoga et\u00a0al. 2020); however, these have not compared pupil responses to disgust versus other emotions. Thus, we asked whether the pupil dilation to auditorily disgusting stimuli would be differentiable from other emotional sounds. In our listening task, we monitored pupil size changes while participants listened to positive and negative emotional sounds from the IADS database (Bradley and Lang 2007) along with \u201ctriggers\u201d known to be especially aversive to misophonics. Participants reported the intensity of their emotional reactions (e.g., disgust, annoyance, happiness, fear) as well as valence and arousal. Misophonic listeners reported greater intensity of emotions associated with triggers (disgust, anger, and annoyance) as well as for fear. For all listeners, there was a positive association between changes in pupil diameter and emotion intensity. Overall, misophonics had greater pupil dilation than non\u2010misophonics, but after equating for emotion category of the sounds, misophonic pupil dilation was larger only for trigger sounds. Thus, pupillometry can differentiate misophonic and non\u2010misophonic listeners based on responses to everyday sounds evoking disgust.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.70014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T05:29:18Z","timestamp":1740115758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Impact of Disgusting Sounds on Pupil Diameter of Misophonic and Non\u2010Misophonic Listeners"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2679-7479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urszula","family":"Oszczapinska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungjoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget","family":"Nance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Julien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie M.","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"American Speech\u2010Language\u2010Hearing Association.2024.\u201cAmerican Speech\u2010Language\u2010Hearing Association.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.asha.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23605"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4185"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.19.2.250"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916587191005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2023.0257"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/5.3.216"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/25.6.432"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3720204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"Bradley M. M. andP. J.Lang.2007.\u201cThe International Affective Digitized Sounds (; IADS\u20102): Affective Ratings of Sounds and Instruction Manual (Vol. 434). Technical Report B\u20103. University of Florida Gainesville FL.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12890"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1031(72)90059-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","article-title":"Pupil Size Correlates With Heart Rate, Skin Conductance, Pulse Wave Amplitude, and Respiration Responses During Emotional Conflict and Valence Processing","volume":"00","author":"Chang Y. H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apacoust.2007.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/102986490500900207"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"deGee J. W. L. A.Marmelstein K.Schwarz\u2010Roman andR.Rouw.2024.\u201cSound\u2010evoked Pupil Dilation Quantifies Misophonic Symptoms.\u201d10.31219\/osf.io\/cvsdf.","DOI":"10.22541\/au.173020525.52263774\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00296"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edelstein M. B.Monk V. S.Ramachandran andR.Rouw.2020.\u201cContext Influences How Individuals With Misophonia Respond to Sounds.\u201dbiorxiv 2020\u201009.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.09.12.292391"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90355-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.399298"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gabrielsson A. andP. N.Juslin.2003.\u201cEmotional Expression in Music.\u201d Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195126013.003.0026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00619"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03326460"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206491"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.827998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211488"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23196"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.880759"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.894034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heller L. M. U.Oszczapinska J. M.Smith andM. M.Julien.2025.\u201cReassigning Sources of Misophonic Trigger Sounds to Change Their Unpleasantness: Testing Alternative Mechanisms With a New Set of Movies Paintings and Words.\u201dhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.31219\/osf.io\/wvf5t_v2.","DOI":"10.31219\/osf.io\/wvf5t_v3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-017-1008-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1416710"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","unstructured":"Houben M. M. J.2002.\u201cThe Sound of Rolling Objects: Perception of Size and Speed.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6114-3_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/mp.2006.23.4.319"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0082230"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Components of Decreased Sound Tolerance: Hyperacusis, Misophonia, Phonophobia","volume":"2","author":"Jastreboff M. M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"ITHS News Letter"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/audi.24.2.74.31105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.895574"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25742442.2024.2302295"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2007.12.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1162\/105474600566907","article-title":"Perception of Material From Contact Sounds","volume":"9","author":"Klatzky R. L.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Presence: European Journal of Investigative Psychology and Criminal Justice"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0261-21.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.12.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797616687364"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3675946"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","unstructured":"Lenth R. V.2024.\u201cemmeans: Estimated Marginal Means aka Least\u2010Squares Means (1.10.0) [Computer Software].\u201dhttps:\/\/CRAN.R\u2010project.org\/package=emmeans."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","first-page":"221","article-title":"Pupillary Behavior in Relation to Wavelength and Age","volume":"8","author":"Lobato\u2010Rinc\u00f3n L. L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0305735607086048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230775"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2015.2432810"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.893903"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0024995"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/40285693"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5819(03)00017-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piczak K. J.2015.\u201cEnvironmental Sound Classification With Convolutional Neural Networks.\u201d In 2015 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP) (1\u20136). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/MLSP.2015.7324337"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","unstructured":"R Core Team.2024.\u201cR: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (4.3.3) [Computer Software]. R Foundation for Statistical Computing.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.R\u2010project.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4934956"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-20191344"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00497.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.879583"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054706"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44084-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.16.2.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"A Final Common Pathway for Tinnitus\u2010Implications for Treatment","volume":"2","author":"Shulman A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Tinnitus Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.880853"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.841816"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","unstructured":"The MathWorks Inc.2022.\u201cMATLAB version: 9.13.0 (R2022a) Natick Massachusetts: The MathWorks Inc.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164495055001008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000377"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14196"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930701503567"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282777"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.10.5.704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020242"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2018.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.897901"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","first-page":"1132","article-title":"Factors Affecting Light\u2010Adapted Pupil Size in Normal Human Subjects. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science","volume":"35","author":"Winn B.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216518800869"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930601000672"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22098"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0025848"}],"container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psyp.70014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T06:26:59Z","timestamp":1761114419000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/psyp.70014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/psyp.70014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psyp.70014","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-5772","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8986","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70014"}}