{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:49:27Z","timestamp":1791139767975,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The effects of 400\u2009Hz anodal and cathodal transcranial pulsed current stimulation of the primary motor cortex (400\u2009Hz a\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 400\u2009Hz c\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) on corticospinal excitability (CSE) and corticocortical excitability (CCE) and hand dexterity remain underexplored. This study examined the effects of a single session of 400\u2009Hz a\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 400\u2009Hz c\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and sham stimulation on CSE, CCE, and hand dexterity, providing insights for potential clinical applications in motor deficits. In this double\u2010blinded, randomized, counterbalanced crossover trial, 26 healthy young adults completed three experimental sessions: 400\u2009Hz a\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 400\u2009Hz c\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and sham stimulation, spaced 48\u2009h apart. Transcranial magnetic stimulation assessed CSE and CCE, while the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) evaluated hand dexterity. The results showed polarity\u2010specific effects. A single session of 400\u2009Hz a\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    significantly increased CSE and improved hand dexterity, evidenced by faster PPT completion times (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Conversely, 400\u2009Hz c\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduced CSE but did not influence PPT performance (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Sham stimulation showed no significant changes. These findings suggest that 400\u2009Hz a\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    enhances motor excitability and dexterity, while 400\u2009Hz c\u2010tPCS\n                    <jats:sub>M1<\/jats:sub>\n                    selectively reduces CSE. This study lays a foundation for exploring high\u2010frequency tPCS in clinical motor rehabilitation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.70112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T05:11:26Z","timestamp":1753247486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of a Single Session 400\u2009Hz Transcranial Pulsed Current Stimulation on Corticospinal and Corticocortical Excitability and Hand Dexterity: A Double\u2010Blind\n                    <scp>RCT<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2957-4510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shapour","family":"Jaberzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Neuromodulation Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1546-2817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mona","family":"Malekahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Neuromodulation Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Neuromodulation Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Zoghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Physiotherapy Federation University  Churchill Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"409","article-title":"Long\u2010Interval Intracortical Inhibition and the Cortical Silent Period in Youth","volume":"11","author":"Ahern K. B.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2011.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-022-02533-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1063(1999)9:2<137::AID-HIPO5>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1589772"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac319"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14916"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2020.0949"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2020.0756"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3112-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01917.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1167093"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00420.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","volume-title":"Cerebrum: The Dana Forum on Brain Science","author":"Hensch T. K.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1255263"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3357-10.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290137"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2008.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0208691"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2014.00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1620988114"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.05.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.14521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2016.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51553-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00379"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.029454"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.07.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.87.5.2385"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.03.001.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-007-0960-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1963-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2017.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.07.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410386614"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2018.05.988"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2010.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-01-00030.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.6.1171"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.08.028"}],"container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psyp.70112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T06:38:47Z","timestamp":1753684727000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/psyp.70112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/psyp.70112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psyp.70112","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-5772","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8986","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70112"}}