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Some work has shown that the physiological adaptations arising from multiple IH sessions improve brain health and executive function (EF)\u2014a finding linked to a post\u2010intervention improvement in cortical hemodynamics. Here, we provide a first demonstration of whether the physiological changes associated with a\n                    <jats:italic>single<\/jats:italic>\n                    IH session provide a transient post\u2010intervention EF benefit. Healthy young adults (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200924) completed an IH protocol entailing 12 alternating 5\u2010min normoxic (P\n                    <jats:sub>ET<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u2009100\u2009mmHg) and hypoxic (P\n                    <jats:sub>ET<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200950\u2009mmHg) intervals that were normocapnic and isocapnic, and on a separate day completed a time\u2010matched normoxic control protocol. Prior to (T0), and immediately (T1) and 30 min (T2) following each protocol, EF was assessed via the antisaccade task. Antisaccades require a goal\u2010directed eye movement (i.e., saccade) mirror\u2010symmetrical to a target and provide the resolution to detect subtle EF changes. As expected, hypoxic intervals decreased arterial and cerebral tissue O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    saturation and increased CBF as estimated via near\u2010infrared spectroscopy and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In turn, antisaccade reaction times (RT) did not differ between T0 and T1 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.29); however, at T2 a reliable RT reduction was observed (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.004). Notably, cortical hemodynamic changes during the hypoxic intervals did not correlate with the antisaccade RT benefit observed at T2 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    s\u2009&gt;\u20090.17). Thus, a single bout of IH provided a transient post\u2010intervention EF \u201cboost\u201d that was not linked to a unitary physiological adaptation to a reduced O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.70161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T05:36:07Z","timestamp":1759901767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Single Bout of Intermittent Hypoxia Increases Cerebral Blood Flow and Supports an Executive Function Benefit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9640-1959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denait","family":"Haile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasimi A.","family":"Guluzade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Keir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9775-6055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience 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