{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:42:39Z","timestamp":1788316959280,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201015\u2010IDEX\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR\u201015\u2010IDEX\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Previous research has shown that the eyes' pupils are larger when imagining dark as compared to bright objects or scenes. On the basis of this, it has been claimed that pupil size is a sensitive marker of mental imagery vividness. We investigated this claim in three experiments, conducted in two countries (Norway and The Netherlands;\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>total<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u2009115), in which participants read, listened, or freely imagined stories that evoked a sense of darkness or brightness. In addition, self\u2010reports of vividness were collected for each story to measure variations in imagery vividness during the experiment; and through questionnaires (VVIQ, SUIS), to measure differences in task\u2010unrelated imagery abilities at the individual level. We found that the effect of larger pupils for darkness\u2010evoking stories than brightness\u2010evoking stories was highly variable. Importantly, we found that this pupil\u2010size difference (dark\u2013bright) was consistently largest for vividly imagined stories. Finally, we did not find any convincing relationship between this pupil\u2010size difference and individual differences in questionnaire\u2010based imagery. We conclude that the strength of pupil\u2010size changes in response to imagined darkness or brightness better reflects trial\u2010by\u2010trial fluctuations in imagery vividness within an individual than individual differences in imagery vividness as a personal trait.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.70298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:50:53Z","timestamp":1775821853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pupil Size Reflects Trial\u2010Level Variability in Imagery Vividness During Immersive Storytelling but Not (or Hardly) Individual Differences in Trait Imagery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9270-0122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Vanbuckhave","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Plymouth  Plymouth UK"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition CNRS  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9878-1056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob Scherm","family":"Eikner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Laeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Onnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3379-8584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastiaan","family":"Math\u00f4t","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Psychology University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjem.2018.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010025\u201002597\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0001756"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2023.105498"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00152"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2024.106048"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2017.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010013\u20100403\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0203\u201016.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03010066211042186"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03202436"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2025.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Sixth Web as Corpus Workshop","author":"Guevara E. R.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2017.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.13050"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.72484"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","volume-title":"Progress in Psychological Science Around the World. Volume 1 Neural, Cognitive and Developmental Issues","author":"Kosslyn S. M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110645958-012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119497"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-54896-3_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691611427305"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797613503556"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmp.2015.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044\u20108295.1973.tb01322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010024\u201002515\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/joc.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797617702699"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/689265"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010022\u201001957\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/texcom\/tgab035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/pb.ag"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583\u2010019\u20100202\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2012.00224"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.858"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650210386947"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nc\/nix006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","article-title":"Beyond Arousal: Pupil Fluctuations, Neural Activity, and Behavior","author":"Ruuskanen V.","year":"2026","journal-title":"PsyArXiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417\u2010016\u20103311\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cogs.12684"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466501163571"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","unstructured":"van derAalst S. J. M.2023.\u201cHet Effect Van Taalgebruik op Episodisch Toekomst Denken in Relatie Tot Beeldend Vermogen Enautistische Kenmerken.\u201dMaster Thesis Tilburg University.https:\/\/arno.uvt.nl\/show.cgi?fid=162679."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109378"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2021.0267"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","unstructured":"Winzenz M.1988.\u201cComprehension of Extended Narrative Text: The Role of Spontaneous Mental Imagery While Reading or Listening.\u201dUniversity of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations 268."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423\u2010023\u201002258\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2024.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2020.04.003"}],"container-title":["Psychophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psyp.70298","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/psyp.70298","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psyp.70298","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T15:10:24Z","timestamp":1777043424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/psyp.70298"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/psyp.70298"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psyp.70298","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-5772","1469-8986"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-5772","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8986","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70298"}}