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However, despite a broad body of evidence for acute painful stimuli, mixed results have been reported concerning the role of negative expectations in the development of mechanical hypersensitivity. Given the theoretical and clinical relevance of verbal suggestions' impact on the potential development of mechanical hypersensitivity, this study aimed to replicate previous positive findings and establish the effects of negative expectations and HFS on autonomic activity. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to a nocebo or control group, with high\u2010frequency stimulation (HFS) administered to one forearm. Negative expectations were induced only in the nocebo group through written instructions. We assessed the perceived intensity and spatial extent of mechanical hypersensitivity, as well as resting and pinprick\u2010evoked pupil dilation as proxies for tonic arousal and phasic locus coeruleus activity, respectively. No statistically significant group differences were found in mechanical hypersensitivity, its spatial spread, or resting pupil dilation. Pinprick\u2010evoked pupil dilation in the area of mechanical hypersensitivity increased after HFS, but this effect emerged only when a less conservative preprocessing approach was used. Manipulation checks further indicated that some control participants formed negative expectations. Under the present experimental conditions, our results do not support the possibility that negative expectations worsen the development of mechanical sensitivity or increase autonomic responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.70364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T04:42:46Z","timestamp":1787114566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beware of What You Expect? A Partial Replication Study on the Behavioral and Psychophysiological Effects of Negative Expectations on Mechanical Hypersensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Ketan P.","family":"Jaltare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Brain Institute KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1383-7638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"D'Agostini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Emotion Cognition Lab USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lies","family":"De Voeght","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margot","family":"Kinnart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3499-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana M.","family":"Torta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuel N.","family":"van den Broeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Psychology Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.70029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2019.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1140"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.5.622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"Bates D. 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