{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:28:42Z","timestamp":1783488522740,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Artificial insemination (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>) is potentially invaluable as an adjunct to natural breeding for the conservation management of non\u2010domestic felid populations. The efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>, however, must be substantially improved for applied use, especially when using frozen semen. Our recent advances in using laparoscopic oviductal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>) with low sperm numbers and freezing of cat semen in a soy lecithin\u2013based cryoprotectant medium suggest that combining these two approaches might improve pregnancy outcomes with frozen\u2013thawed spermatozoa. In this study, our objectives were to (i) assess the effect of two gonadotropin dosages (100 vs 150\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IU eCG<\/jats:styled-content>) on ovarian response in domestic cats and (ii) compare the relative fertility of frozen\u2013thawed and fresh semen <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>. All 16 females ovulated after gonadotropin treatment and were inseminated with fresh semen from one male and frozen\u2013thawed semen from a second male. There were no differences between gonadotropin dosages in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> number, pregnancy percentage or litter size. Half (8\/16) of the females conceived, with seven females giving birth to a total of 36 offspring. Paternity analysis showed that more kittens resulted from LO\u2010AI with fresh (28\/36, 78%) than frozen\u2013thawed (8\/36, 22%) semen, possibly due to impaired motility and longevity of thawed sperm. These results demonstrated that viable offspring can be produced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content> using semen frozen in a soy lecithin\u2013based medium. Insemination with greater numbers of frozen\u2013thawed spermatozoa, combined with further refinement of cat sperm cryopreservation methods, may be necessary to optimize pregnancy success with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content> in domestic and nondomestic cats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T06:03:59Z","timestamp":1356329039000},"page":"284-288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Comparative Fertility of Freshly Collected vs Frozen\u2013Thawed Semen with Laparoscopic Oviductal Artificial Insemination in Domestic Cats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"CA","family":"Lambo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RA","family":"Grahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction Center for Companion Animal Health University of California at Davis Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LA","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction Center for Companion Animal Health University of California at Davis Davis CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HL","family":"Bateman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Newsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WF","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Improved fertilization success using laparoscopic oviductal artificial insemination with low sperm numbers in domestic cats","author":"Conforti VA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Soc Study 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