{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:28:43Z","timestamp":1783488523613,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"Contents<\/jats:title>Embryo transfer (ET<\/jats:styled-content>) and artificial insemination (AI<\/jats:styled-content>) are potentially invaluable techniques for the propagation and management of genetically valuable domestic cat and endangered nondomestic cat populations. Many of the challenges that impair the effective application of ET<\/jats:styled-content> and AI<\/jats:styled-content> in felids may be overcome by using laparoscopic oviductal (LO<\/jats:styled-content>) approaches. LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ET<\/jats:styled-content> and LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010AI<\/jats:styled-content> are minimally\u2010invasive procedures, requiring only two small skin incisions for insertion of a laparoscope and grasping forceps into the abdominal cavity to permit visualization and catheterization of the oviduct for embryo or semen deposition. With concurrent improvements in embryo culture systems and ovarian synchronization protocols, LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ET<\/jats:styled-content> has proven effective over the past decade for propagation of laboratory cats, cat models of hereditary disease and nondomestic cats. To date, viable offspring have been produced following LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ET<\/jats:styled-content> of non\u2010frozen and frozen\u2010thawed IVF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010derived embryos in eight cat hereditary disease models and two nondomestic cat species, the ocelot and sand cat. LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010AI<\/jats:styled-content> with low sperm numbers (c<\/jats:italic>. 2\u20138 million motile) has shown similar efficacy to LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ET<\/jats:styled-content>, resulting in high pregnancy percentages (50\u201370%) following insemination of gonadotropin\u2010treated domestic cats. Multiple kittens also have been produced in two hereditary disease models following LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010AI<\/jats:styled-content> with frozen semen, and both ocelot and P<\/jats:styled-content>allas' cat kittens have been born after LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010AI<\/jats:styled-content> with freshly\u2010collected semen. The application of LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010ET<\/jats:styled-content> and LO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010AI<\/jats:styled-content> to felids has resulted in substantial improvement in the efficiency of assisted reproduction for genetic management of these invaluable domestic cat and wild cat populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T06:03:59Z","timestamp":1356329039000},"page":"136-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Laparoscopic Oviductal Embryo Transfer and Artificial Insemination in Felids \u2013 Challenges, Strategies and Successes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"WF","family":"Swanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden Cincinnati OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2007.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ConfortiVA BatemanHL VickMM LyonsLA GrahnRA DeddensJA SwansonWF 2011:Improved fertilization success using laparoscopic oviductal artificial insemination with low sperm numbers in domestic cats. 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