{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:41:00Z","timestamp":1787316060642,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"Content<\/jats:title>\n \n The aim of this study was to localize and evaluate the role of\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n oll\u2010like receptor 2 (\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2) in the endometrium and cervix of bitches at different stages of the oestrous cycle and in bitches with pyometra. Sixty\u2010seven nulliparous dogs, ranging in age from 1 to 13\u00a0years, were allocated amongst five groups (pro\u2010oestrus; n\u00a0=\u00a07, oestrus; n\u00a0=\u00a010, dioestrus; n\u00a0=\u00a016, anoestrus; n\u00a0=\u00a011, pyometra; n\u00a0=\u00a023). Blood samples were collected for the measurement of progesterone concentration. The mean progesterone concentration was analysed as a parameter for validating the stage of the oestrous cycle in bitches. Tissues collected from uterine horn and cervix were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemical examination of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2. The expression of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 was assessed semi\u2010quantitatively. No pathological changes were found in the uterine samples of healthy dogs. In bitches with pyometra, the glandular epithelium expressed\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 more intensely than the surface epithelium. The expression of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 in the glandular epithelium was also significantly higher in healthy dogs at oestrus, dioestrus and dogs with pyometra compared with anoestrous dogs (p\u00a0<\u00a00.01). The expression of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 in the stroma was not observed in the group of healthy dogs at all stages. The surface epithelium of cervix in dogs with pyometra expressed\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 significantly more intensely than did the stoma, whereas the expression of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 during oestrus and dioestrus was absent in the stroma of cervix. This study provides the first report of immunohistochemical localization of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 in the canine reproductive tract. In the present study,\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 was expressed in endometrial epithelium but was absent in the endometrial stroma of healthy dogs at all oestrous cycle stages. These findings suggest differential expression of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n in endometrial cells. On the other hand, the lack of\n TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2 in the stroma of healthy uteri of dogs may predispose to infection from the invading pathogens once the epithelial cells have been destroyed by the pathogens, especially Gram\u2010positive bacteria.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]],"date-time":"2012-12-24T01:03:59Z","timestamp":1356311039000},"page":"351-355","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Localization of Toll\u2010like Receptor 2 (\n TLR<\/scp>\n 2) in the Endometrium and the Cervix of Dogs at Different Stages of the Oestrous Cycle and with Pyometra"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Chotimanukul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Sirivaidyapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2007.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.8.4588-4596.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.11.6187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2006.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2005.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2009.00700.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2004.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5799-5806.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1040085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2009.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03893.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2003.11.015"}],"container-title":["Reproduction in Domestic Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Frda.12104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.12104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T19:48:38Z","timestamp":1694634518000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/rda.12104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"s6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/rda.12104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.12104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-6768","1439-0531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0936-6768","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}}}