{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T14:52:32Z","timestamp":1781967152003,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Successful sex\u2010sorting of goat spermatozoa and subsequent birth of pre\u2010sexed kids have yet to be reported. As such, a series of experiments were conducted to develop protocols for sperm\u2010sorting (using a modified flow cytometer, MoFlo <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SX<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) and cryopreservation of goat spermatozoa. Saanen goat spermatozoa (n\u00a0=\u00a02 males) were (i) collected into Salamon's or Tris catch media post\u2010sorting and (ii) frozen in Tris\u2013citrate\u2013glucose media supplemented with 5, 10 or 20% egg yolk in (iii) 0.25\u00a0ml pellets on dry ice or 0.25\u00a0ml straws in a controlled\u2010rate freezer. Post\u2010sort and post\u2010thaw sperm quality were assessed by motility (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CASA<\/jats:styled-content>), viability and acrosome integrity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FITC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PNA<\/jats:styled-content>). Sex\u2010sorted goat spermatozoa frozen in pellets displayed significantly higher post\u2010thaw motility and viability than spermatozoa frozen in straws. Catch media and differing egg yolk concentration had no effect on the sperm parameters tested. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> fertility of sex\u2010sorted goat spermatozoa produced with this optimum protocol were then tested by means of a heterologous ova binding assay and intrauterine artificial insemination of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>aanen goat does, respectively. Sex\u2010sorted goat spermatozoa bound to sheep ova zona pellucidae in similar numbers (p\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05) to non\u2010sorted goat spermatozoa, non\u2010sorted ram spermatozoa and sex\u2010sorted ram spermatozoa. Following intrauterine artificial insemination with sex\u2010sorted spermatozoa, 38% (5\/13) of does kidded with 83% (3\/5) of kids being of the expected sex. Does inseminated with non\u2010sorted spermatozoa achieved a 50% (3\/6) kidding rate and a sex ratio of 3\u00a0:\u00a01 (F\u00a0:\u00a0M). This study demonstrates for the first time that goat spermatozoa can be sex\u2010sorted by flow cytometry, successfully frozen and used to produce pre\u2010sexed kids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T13:35:44Z","timestamp":1369316144000},"page":"893-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Birth of Kids After Artificial Insemination with Sex\u2010Sorted, Frozen\u2010Thawed Goat Spermatozoa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Bathgate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 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