{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T21:49:10Z","timestamp":1793396950061,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]],"date-time":"2013-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Post\u2010partum period has an important role in cows' breeding due to its effects on reproductive efficiency and subsequent pregnancy. <jats:italic>Escherichia coli, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>rueperella pyogenes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>rcanobacterium pyogenes), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>usobacterium necrophorum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>revotella melaninogenicus<\/jats:italic> are recognized as major pathogens associated with uterine endometrial lesions. The objective of this study was to identify these pathogens using the polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) as a culture\u2010independent sensitive method. A total of 172 cows were examined 25\u201335\u00a0days post\u2010partum, and 128 cows were examined at 2\u00a0weeks later (39\u201349\u00a0days post\u2010partum). Uterine discharges were collected by covered plastic infusion pipettes. The prevalence of endometritis was greater in the first examination than the second (35.5% vs. 16%). <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> was detected in eight of the samples, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0pyogenes<\/jats:italic> was detected in 13 of the samples and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0necrophorum<\/jats:italic> was detected in 11 of the samples. There was no positive sample of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0melaninogenicus<\/jats:italic>. Uterine contamination by <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0pyogenes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0necrophorum<\/jats:italic> in the first examination was higher than the second examination. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0pyogenes<\/jats:italic> affected as a tendency the prevalence of clinical endometritis in first examination. Primiparous cows showed 4.02 times higher odds of clinical endometritis compared with second\u2010parity cows in first examination. A multiplex <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> protocol as a simple, less expensive, fast assay was introduced to identify <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0pyogenes<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0necrophorum<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]],"date-time":"2013-12-11T11:38:36Z","timestamp":1386761916000},"page":"233-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Development of a Multiplex <scp>PCR<\/scp> for the Identification of Major Pathogenic Bacteria of Post\u2010Partum Endometritis in Dairy Cows"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"SM","family":"Aghamiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Haghkhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MR","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HR","family":"Gheisari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Hygiene School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Comparison of bacterial isolates and clinical signs of postpartum endometritis in Holstein dairy cows in Iran","volume":"42","author":"Ahmadi M","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2009.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2298"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.11.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"Endometrial biopsy in Holstein\u2010Frisian dairy cows. 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