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During processing for <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>), although spermatozoa are induced capacitation, resulting in a high penetration rate, persistent obstacle of polyspermic penetration is still observed with a high incidence. For artificial insemination (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>), we still need a large number of spermatozoa and lose a majority of those in the female reproductive tract. Fertility of cryopreserved boar spermatozoa is still injured through freezing and thawing process. In the present brief review, factors affecting fertility of boar sperm during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IVF<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> AI<\/jats:styled-content> and cryopreservation are discussed in the context of discovering methodologies to improve it.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,16]],"date-time":"2015-07-16T05:23:21Z","timestamp":1437024201000},"page":"40-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Methods for Improving <i>In Vitro<\/i> and <i>In Vivo<\/i> Boar Sperm Fertility"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Funahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Okayama University Okayama 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