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Females (n\u00a0=\u00a028) were divided into two groups: non\u2010pregnant llamas were induced to ovulate with a Buserelin injection, and endometrial biopsies were obtained on day 8 (n\u00a0=\u00a05) or 12 (n\u00a0=\u00a05) post\u2010induction of ovulation. Animals of the pregnant group (n\u00a0=\u00a018) were mated with a fertile male. Pregnancy was confirmed by the visualization of the embryo collected by transcervical flushing in 5 of 9 animals on day 8 post\u2010mating and by progesterone profile on day 12 post\u2010mating in 4 of 9 animals, when endometrial biopsies were obtained. An immunohistochemical technique was used to evaluate receptors population and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COX<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 expression. Pregnant llamas showed a higher percentage of positive cells and stronger intensity for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> than for non\u2010pregnant llamas in stroma on day 8 and in the luminal epithelium on day 12 post\u2010induction of ovulation, while a deep decrease in endometrial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PR<\/jats:styled-content> population was reported in pregnant llamas on that day in luminal and glandular epithelia and stroma. In the luminal epithelium, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COX<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 expression was lower in pregnant than in non\u2010pregnant animals. Briefly, the increase of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> in pregnant llamas gives further support to the hypothesis that oestrogens are involved in the mechanism of maternal recognition of pregnancy. Endometrial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PR<\/jats:styled-content> decrease in pregnant llamas might be a necessary event to allow the expression of proteins involved in conceptus attachment, a mechanism widely accepted in other species. Moreover, embryo seems to attenuate maternal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGF<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> secretion during early pregnancy by decreasing the endometrial expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COX<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 in the luminal epithelium of pregnant llamas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]],"date-time":"2015-10-08T05:40:47Z","timestamp":1444282847000},"page":"980-988","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Oestrogen and Progesterone Receptors and <scp>COX<\/scp>\u20102 Expression in Endometrial Biopsy Samples During Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy in Llamas (<i>Lama glama<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"CP","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Endocrinolog\u00eda Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Veterinaria Tandil (CIVETAN) 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