{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:16:41Z","timestamp":1791933401794,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]],"date-time":"2016-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"New Zealand Companion Animal Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti\u2010M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) is a reliable endocrine marker of ovarian reserve in many species with extensive literature in both humans and cattle. However, there are no known hormonal predictors of ovarian reserve and potential reproductive performance in the bitch. A prospective cohort study was performed involving 155 intact bitches of various ages (range 1.2\u20137.6\u00a0years) and breeds that were presented for routine breeding management over a one\u2010year period. All bitches were artificially inseminated with frozen or fresh semen using the transcervical insemination (TCI) technique. AMH concentrations were measured using a commercially available canine AMH ELISA (Ansh Labs<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Texas, USA), which we validated prior to performing the study. The reference interval (RI) for AMH for all bitches in the study, regardless of body weight, was 2.9\u201321.1\u00a0ng\/ml. There was a significant effect of bitch size and age on AMH concentrations. The RI for giant breeds was significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01) lower (1.75\u201315.6\u00a0ng\/ml) than small\u2010sized (5.6\u201324.2\u00a0ng\/ml), medium\u2010sized (4.3\u201323.7\u00a0ng\/ml) and large\u2010sized (4.3\u201321.0\u00a0ng\/ml) bitches. The mean AMH concentration in bitches less than 4\u00a0years of age was 12.4\u00a0ng\/ml, whereas the mean AMH concentration in bitches older than 4\u00a0years of age was 10.5\u00a0ng\/ml (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). For each additional year of age above 1\u00a0year of age, AMH concentrations fell by 0.5\u00a0ng\/ml. There was no effect of AMH concentration on the whelping rate. Smaller breeds had smaller litters (and higher AMH concentrations), but within each breed size category, bitches with higher AMH concentrations had significantly larger litter sizes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). For each 1\u00a0ng\/ml increase in AMH, litter size increased by 0.3\u00a0pups\/litter. In conclusion, we determined a normal reference interval for AMH in bitches based on body weight using a canine\u2010specific assay. In agreement with findings in humans and other species, we found that there is a decline in AMH concentrations with advancing age in bitches. Finally, the significant positive correlation between AMH concentrations and litter size indicates that AMH may be a useful management tool for the selection of bitches in breeding programmes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,19]],"date-time":"2016-10-19T02:43:00Z","timestamp":1476844980000},"page":"35-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Determination of the normal reference interval for anti\u2010M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) in bitches and use of AMH as a potential predictor of litter size"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"FK","family":"Hollinshead","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Glenbred; Matamata Veterinary Services Ltd Matamata New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Zealand Veterinary Pathology Ltd Hamilton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DW","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glenbred; Matamata Veterinary Services Ltd Matamata New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Finnegan D.(2012)\u2018referenceIntervals\u2019: Reference Intervals. 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Eklund E. &Lambert\u2010Messerlian G.(2014).Pre\u2010analytical assessment of AMH stability in human serum using a well\u2010characterised midpro\u2010mature immunoassay. 30th Meeting of the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Munich."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-013-9973-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-11-0211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD12270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711403428"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-016-0675-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD11290"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.072157"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8182"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182116bc8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.09.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-015-9639-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Concentrations of anti\u2010M\u00fcllerian hormone in follicular fluid from antral follicles and their relation to functional characteristics of follicle development in mares","volume":"126","author":"Vernuft A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00529"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"940","volume-title":"Kirks Current Veterinary Therapy XV","author":"Wilson M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2474"}],"container-title":["Reproduction in Domestic Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Frda.12822","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Frda.12822","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.12822","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T07:47:24Z","timestamp":1694591244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/rda.12822"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/rda.12822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.12822","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-6768","1439-0531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0936-6768","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]}}}