{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:02:31Z","timestamp":1790330551016,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R15ES024520\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R15ES024520\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bisphenol S (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content>) is an endocrine\u2010disrupting chemical with multiple potential mechanisms of action, including as an oestrogen receptor agonist. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> is increasingly used in plastics and thermal receipts as a substitute for bisphenol A, which has been phased out due to concerns about human health implications. The ability of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> to alter female reproductive function in mammals has not been widely studied, despite the importance of normal hormone signalling for female reproduction. The aim of this study was to investigate how <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> (in a wide range of doses, including very low doses) affects granulosa cell and theca cell steroid hormone production and cell viability in the bovine. Granulosa cell oestradiol production was stimulated when cells were exposed to 100\u00a0\u03bcM <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> under basal conditions, but there was no effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> when cells were stimulated with follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FSH<\/jats:styled-content>). Additionally, there was no effect of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> on granulosa cell progesterone production or cell viability under basal or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FSH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010stimulated conditions. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> did not affect theca cell androstenedione or progesterone production, or theca cell viability under basal or luteinizing hormone\u2010stimulated conditions. This study suggests for the first time that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> may alter oestradiol production by bovine granulosa cells, albeit at a concentration that is unlikely to be physiologically relevant. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPS<\/jats:styled-content> on the bovine oocyte and on other functions of follicular cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,27]],"date-time":"2018-01-27T15:01:16Z","timestamp":1517065276000},"page":"450-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["The impact of bisphenol S on bovine granulosa and theca cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0900-7335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"KA","family":"Campen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department Middlebury College  Middlebury VT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Lavallee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department Middlebury College  Middlebury VT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CMH","family":"Combelles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department Middlebury College  Middlebury VT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3320051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(02)01082-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2008.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.10035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0690641"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.12.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-102-1-227"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00367-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2331205X.2017.1317690"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(94)90278-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-008-9262-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es400329t"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"715","article-title":"Research needs for the risk assessment of health and environmental effects of endocrine disruptors: A report of the U.S. EPA\u2010sponsored workshop","volume":"104","author":"Kavlock R. 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