{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:38:57Z","timestamp":1780400337106,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,14]],"date-time":"2018-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Equine Guelph","award":["051648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["051648"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emerging research suggests that the nitric oxide system may play a role in persistent breeding\u2010induced endometritis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBIE<\/jats:styled-content>) in the mare. Differences in uterine nitric oxide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>) levels between mares susceptible or resistant to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBIE<\/jats:styled-content>and a dose\u2010dependent inhibitory effect of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>on uterine contractility have been demonstrated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the difference in total nitric oxide synthase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>) activity of the endometrium between susceptible and resistant mares and the effect of a specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNOS<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibitor on the endometrial<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>activity in vitro. Six susceptible and six resistant mares were selected based on preset criteria and the results of an intrauterine challenge with killed spermatozoa during oestrus. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected 24\u00a0hr post\u2010challenge and cultured at 37\u00b0C for 24\u00a0hr in L\u2010arginine supplemented minimum essential medium with or without a specific<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNOS<\/jats:styled-content>inhibitor (1,400\u00a0W dihydrochloride, 1\u00a0mM). The medium and the cultured endometrial tissue were collected after 24 hr of culture and assayed for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>and total protein, respectively. Total<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<\/jats:styled-content>content of the medium, normalized to endometrial tissue wet weight or total protein, was used as a measure of endometrial<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>activity. Non\u2010parametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Susceptible mares had significantly greater endometrial<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>activity than resistant mares. The<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNOS<\/jats:styled-content>inhibitor treatment significantly reduced<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>activity in endometrial samples derived from susceptible and resistant mares. These findings provide a basis for in vivo testing of specific<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iNOS<\/jats:styled-content>inhibitors as preventative or therapeutic options for<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBIE<\/jats:styled-content>in mares.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T11:55:20Z","timestamp":1521114920000},"page":"718-724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Endometrial nitric oxide synthase activity in mares susceptible or resistant to persistent breeding\u2010induced endometritis and the effect of a specific<scp>iNOS<\/scp>inhibitor in vitro"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1903-8784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"FA","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TS","family":"Chenier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RA","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Hewson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EL","family":"Scholtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine Ontario Veterinary College University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2005.00270.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2000.tb00067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"289","article-title":"Investigations on the effect on intrauterine inoculation of Streptococcus zooepidemicus in the mare","volume":"15","author":"Hughes J. 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