{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T19:04:44Z","timestamp":1775156684545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]],"date-time":"2018-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate serum and milk concentrations of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and indoleamine 2,3\u2010dioxygenase (IDO) activity in cows suffering from subclinical mastitis caused by coagulase\u2010negative staphylococci (MSCNS). TRP and kynurenines were determined by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and IDO activity was calculated as the KYN\/TRP ratio. The blood and milk samples were collected from 40 midlactation Holstein\u2010Fresian cows from two herds in the Lublin region in Poland. In the milk samples from 20 cows with subclinical mastitis, coagulase\u2010negative staphylococci were isolated and in the milk obtained from healthy cows growth of microorganisms was not detected. TRP, KYN and KYNA concentrations were significantly lower in milk of cows with MSCNS compared to control animals (4.47 vs. 7.24\u00a0\u00b5M, 0.14 vs. 0.21\u00a0\u00b5M, 1.58 vs. 2.18\u00a0nM, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in TRP and KYNA concentrations in serum between the studied animal groups (32.97 vs. 39.29\u00a0\u00b5M, 31.3 vs. 26.5\u00a0nM, respectively). In turn, the level of KYN was lower in the serum (0.81 vs. 1.13\u00a0\u00b5M) of cows with mastitis compared to healthy ones. No statistically significant differences in IDO activity, both in serum and in milk (25.24 and 27.55, 28.56 and 27.17, respectively) was revealed between the studied groups. These findings may have potential implications for diagnosis of mastitis in cows because reduction of these parameters in milk might be a marker predicting the occurrence of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T05:30:20Z","timestamp":1533187820000},"page":"1491-1497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid concentrations and indoleamine 2,3\u2010dioxygenase activity in serum and milk of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis caused by coagulase\u2010negative staphylococci"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5447-1655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariola","family":"Bochniarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kocki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Lublin Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"D\u0105browski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Szczubia\u0142","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W\u0142adys\u0142aw","family":"Wawron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waldemar A.","family":"Turski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Lublin Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","article-title":"The immunology of mammary gland of dairy ruminants between healthy and inflammatory conditions","author":"Alnakip M. 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