{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T03:22:42Z","timestamp":1793762562032,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]],"date-time":"2018-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ministry of Higher education and Scientific Research, Iraq"},{"name":"Swedish Norwegian Fundation for Equine Research","award":["14-47-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14-47-008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Contents<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacteria contaminate semen during collection and handling. The objective of this study was to identify the bacteria in pony stallion semen, the effects of antibiotics included in commercial semen extenders (lincomycin and spectinomycin) and the effect of modified single layer centrifugation (MSLC), on bacterial load. Ejaculates from six pony stallions, 3 ejaculates per animal, were extended in EquiPlus extender either with or without antibiotics. Aliquots were processed by MSLC to form four treatment groups: control and MSLC with antibiotics (CA and SA, respectively) and control and MSLC without antibiotics (CW and SW, respectively). Bacteriological examinations were carried out within 2\u00a0hr. Thirty\u2010one species of bacteria were isolated from one or more ejaculates, with <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic> spp. being the most frequently detected. <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic> spp. were present in all ejaculates. The MSLC resulted in a significantly lower total bacterial count than controls (CA vs. SA, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; CW vs. SW, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T15:37:05Z","timestamp":1540309025000},"page":"342-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effect of presence or absence of antibiotics and use of modified single layer centrifugation on bacteria in pony stallion semen"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Ziyad","family":"Al\u2010Kass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Mosul Mosul Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Spergser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology Vetmeduni Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6077-7362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Aurich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Small Animals and Horses, Center for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Vetmeduni Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliane","family":"Kuhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Small Animals and Horses, Center for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Vetmeduni Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Small Animals and Horses, Center for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Vetmeduni Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5245-7331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane M.","family":"Morrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Sciences Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics7010001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Annual Report of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS\u2010Net). 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