{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:56:50Z","timestamp":1747187810019,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]],"date-time":"2019-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic> infecting cattle is usually identified based on the typical symptom: sudden death. <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic> causing atypical symptoms may remain undiagnosed and represent a potential occupational health hazard for, that is veterinarians and producers, butchers and tanners. In the year 2004, one case of sudden death in a dairy farm in southern Finland was diagnosed as bovine anthrax. Four years later 2008, an atypical case of anthrax was diagnosed in the same holding. The bull was taken to the Production Animal Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki because of fever, loss of appetite and a symmetrically swollen scrotal sac. Penicillin treatment cured the fever but not the swollen scrotum. Before the intended therapeutic castration, a punctuate consisting of 10\u00a0ml fluid collected into a syringe from the scrotal sac was cultivated on blood agar at 37\u00b0C. After 24\u00a0hr, an almost pure culture of a completely non\u2010hemolytic <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\u2010like bacteria was obtained. The strain was identified as <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic> using Ba\u2010specific primers by the Finnish Food Safety Authority (RUOKAVIRASTO). After the diagnosis, the bull was euthanized and destroyed, the personnel were treated with prophylactic antibiotics and the clinic was disinfected. In this particular case, treatment with water, Virkon S and lime seemed to be effective to eliminate endospores and vegetative cells since no relapses of anthrax have occurred in 10\u00a0years. This case is the last reported anthrax case in Finland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T18:18:48Z","timestamp":1564165128000},"page":"1279-1283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An atypical <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i> infection in a bull\u2014A potential occupational health hazard"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Mari","family":"Friman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Kakko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering Aalto University Aalto Finland"},{"name":"Tampere University of Applied Sciences Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Constantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Chemicals Agency Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4095-4461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heli","family":"Simojoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering Aalto University Aalto Finland"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0427-7149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szabolcs","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Georgikon Faculty University of Pannonia Keszthely Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Salonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering Aalto University Aalto Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"78","article-title":"An atypical Bacillus anthracis infection in a bull causing a symmetrically swollen scrotal sac \u2013 A potential health hazard for veterinary surgeons","volume":"46","author":"Andersson M. A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod Domest Anim"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-005-0032-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-016-0111-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a120135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135346"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2016.0003"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"295","article-title":"The ecology of anthrax spores: Tough but not invincible","volume":"36","author":"Dragon D. C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-66.4.691"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2011.10.013"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.49.2.291-297.1985","article-title":"Demonstration of a capsule plasmid in Bacillus anthracis","volume":"49","author":"Green B. D.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315124"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3916","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.10.3916-3918.1997","article-title":"Efficacy of vaporized hydrogen peroxide against exotic animal viruses","volume":"63","author":"Heckert R. A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Applied and Environment Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.6.2627-2630.2000"},{"volume-title":"Pernaruton esiintyminen el\u00e4imill\u00e4 Suomessa vuosina 1940\u20131990","year":"1993","author":"Kivel\u00e4 S. L.","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1983.11748267"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-52-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-018-1250-4"},{"volume-title":"Maa\u2010 ja mets\u00e4talousministeri\u00f6n asetus pernaruton vastustamisesta","year":"2013","author":"MMMa","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1"},{"volume-title":"Maa\u2010 ja mets\u00e4talousministeri\u00f6n asetus vastustettavista el\u00e4intaudeista ja niiden luokittelusta","year":"2013","author":"MMMa","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.2.1327-1330.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2009.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2005.02686.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2006.03235.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2002.00500.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.2012.01233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800068497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2686"}],"container-title":["Reproduction in Domestic Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.13532","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/rda.13532","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.13532","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T07:31:39Z","timestamp":1694331099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/rda.13532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/rda.13532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.13532","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-6768","1439-0531"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0936-6768"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1439-0531"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}