{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:48:43Z","timestamp":1784544523490,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Timed artificial insemination (TAI) has boosted the use of conventional artificial insemination (CAI) by employing hormonal protocols to synchronize oestrus and ovulation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of a hormonal protocol for TAI in mares, based on a combination of progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID), prostaglandin (PGF<jats:sub>2\u03b1<\/jats:sub>) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG); and compare financial costs between CAI and TAI. Twenty\u2010one mares were divided into two groups: CAI group (CAIG; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06 mares; 17 oestrous cycles) and TAI group (TAIG; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015 mares; 15 oestrous cycles). The CAIG was subjected to CAI, involving follicular dynamics and uterine oedema monitoring with ultrasound examinations (US), and administration of hCG (1,600\u00a0IU) when the dominant follicle (DF) diameter's \u226535\u00a0mm\u00a0+\u00a0uterine oedema\u00a0+\u00a0cervix opening. The AI was performed with fresh semen (500\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> cells), and embryo was recovered on day 8 (D8) after ovulation. In TAI, mares received 1.9\u00a0g PRID on D0. On D10, PRID was removed and 6.71\u00a0mg dinoprost tromethamine was administered. Ovulation was induced on D14 (1,600\u00a0IU of hCG) regardless of the DF diameter's, and AI was performed with fresh semen (500\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> cells). On D30 after AI, pregnancy was confirmed by US. The pregnancy rate was 80.0% in TAIG and 82.3% in CAIG (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). The TAI protocol resulted in 65% reduction in professional transport costs, and 40% reduction in material costs. The TAI was as efficient as CAI, provided reduction in costs and handlings, and is recommended in mares.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,26]],"date-time":"2020-12-26T04:27:17Z","timestamp":1608956837000},"page":"459-466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Timed artificial insemination in crossbred mares: Reproductive efficiency and costs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo Chaves","family":"Macan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7993-3919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Eduardo","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6487-1874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna Lampe","family":"Zielinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nath\u00e1lia Gon\u00e7alves Hesketh","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8977-9740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Santana Siqueira","family":"de Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Sciences Department Federal University of Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4027-9109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00e1cia Gomes","family":"Bergstein\u2010Galan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universidade Positivo Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7218-1184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romildo Romualdo","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Sciences Department Federal University of Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3700-1811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Ernandes","family":"Kozicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR) Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"184","article-title":"Effect of treatment with or without estradiol after ovsynch protocols at timed ai on the pregnancy rate in lactating buffaloes","volume":"33","author":"Akhtar S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Buffalo Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737-0806(07)80309-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2006.03.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Estrous synchronization mare: Equine breeding management and artificial insemination","author":"Bergefelt D. 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