{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1782725721232,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,21]],"date-time":"2021-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Artificial insemination (AI) with cryopreserved semen is an important tool to preserve endangered species, including European donkey breeds. Sperm vitrification is an alternative method to conventional freezing using high cooling rates and non\u2010permeable cryoprotectant agents (CPAs). In donkeys, sperm vitrification was firstly developed in spheres by directly dropping the sperm (30\u00a0\u00b5l) into the liquid nitrogen. The vitrification media contained a combination of sucrose and bovine serum albumin as non\u2010permeable CPAs and resulted in better sperm parameters after warming than extenders containing glycerol. Thereafter, sperm vitrification was optimized using an aseptic protocol, which consists of volumes up to 160\u00a0\u00b5l vitrified at 300\u00a0million sperm\/ml using 0.25\u2010ml straws with outer covers, obtaining similar sperm parameters as conventional freezing for total motility (52.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.6% versus. 58.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.1%), progressive motility (44.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.0% versus. 44.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a018.2%) and plasma membrane integrity (49.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.2% versus. 55.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.0%), respectively. In order to vitrify larger volumes of sperm, a procedure using 0.5\u2010ml straws was evaluated; however, this methodology failed when compared to conventional freezing or other vitrification protocols, obtaining poor sperm quality after warming. Recently, a new methodology was developed for warming 0.25\u2010ml straws in a water bath and after AI using the vitrified sperm, the uterine inflammatory response solved faster, and pregnancy rates were greater (22%) than frozen semen (10%) but not statistically different. In conclusion, all these findings confirm that sperm vitrification can be performed in donkeys as an alternative to conventional freezing for AI in jennies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,21]],"date-time":"2021-08-21T20:20:13Z","timestamp":1629577213000},"page":"1274-1278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Recent advances in donkey sperm vitrification"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7830-7422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Reproduction Group Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery University of Cordoba  Cordoba Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2017.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2010.00130.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1090.1980.tb00958.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2019.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5424\/sjar\/2019173-14153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2017.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vitrification of donkey sperm using straws as an alternative to conventional slow freezing","volume":"00","author":"Diaz\u2010Jimenez M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reproduction in Domestic Animals"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vitrification in straws conserves motility features better than spheres in donkey sperm","volume":"53","author":"Diaz\u2010Jimenez M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reproduction in Domestic Animals"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2020.100097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"DAD\u2010IS, Domestic animal diverstity information system breeds by species and country","author":"FAO"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2018.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10091462"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2017-12787"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-07-0463"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"643","article-title":"Cryoprotectant\u2010free vitrification of human spermatozoa in large (up to 0.5 mL) volume: A novel technology","volume":"57","author":"Isachenko V.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Laboratory"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12414"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/34784"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrefrig.2005.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13511"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Donkey breeds in Europe. 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