{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T22:03:55Z","timestamp":1777327435653,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uterine infections often lead to culling of valuable animals from a herd, resulting in genetic drain. The genetic potential of problematic females could be harvested by in\u2010vitro embryo production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of clinical endometritis on follicular dynamics, recovery, quality, gene expression, nuclear maturation and in\u2010vitro developmental competence of oocytes in Sahiwal cattle. The B\u2010mode ultrasonography was performed to examine the uterus for the presence of pus. Based on the history and reproductive examination of cows, a total of twelve (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012) Sahiwal cattle were selected for the experiment: (1) healthy group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06) and (2) clinical endometritis group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06). The 1st ovum pick\u2010up (OPU) was conducted on day 165 postpartum. The collected cumulus oocytes complexes (COCs) were graded into A, B, C and D grades depending on the number of layers of cumulus cells and homogeneous nature of cytoplasm. Nuclear maturation was assessed by staining the oocytes with Hoechst 33,342. The results revealed that the number of medium\u2010sized follicle (1.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 versus 0.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1) and total number of follicles (9.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.7 versus 6.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.7) were higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) in the healthy group as compared to clinical endometritis group, respectively. Similarly, the number of oocytes recovered (5.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4 versus 2.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4), oocytes with grade A, B and C (2.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3 versus 1.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3), proportion of oocytes with grade A or B (33\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.0 versus 20\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1) and nuclear maturation (68\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 versus 55\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1) were also higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) in the healthy group as compared to clinical endometritis group, respectively. Perhaps, cleavage rate (55.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 versus 46.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1) and blastocyst rate (29.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.0 versus 26.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1) did not differ (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05) between the groups. Likewise, the expression level of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) in immature oocytes did not differ (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05) between both the groups. In conclusion, clinical endometritis has a negative effect on follicular dynamics, oocyte recovery, oocyte quality and nuclear maturation; furthermore, the developmental competence of COCs is not compromised by it.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T14:25:27Z","timestamp":1651242327000},"page":"207-218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influence of endometritis on the follicular dynamics, recovery, quality, gene expression, nuclear maturation and in\u2010vitro developmental competence of oocytes in Sahiwal cattle"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Saleem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Rizwan","family":"Yousuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aamir","family":"Ghafoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0963-7118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amjad","family":"Riaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2016.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378\u20104320(03)00097\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.124.9.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56093\/ijans.v90i1.98172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093\u2010691X(02)01301\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"467","article-title":"Comparison of three diagnostic methods for Theileria annulata in Sahiwal and Friesian cattle in Pakistan","volume":"42","author":"Durrani A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093\u2010691X(01)00486\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2008\u20101984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378\u20104320(00)00085\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2019.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1080260305"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Current issues and future prospects of dairy sector in Pakistan","volume":"32","author":"Khan M. 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