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Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) partakes in the development of gonads and organs in male animals. However, whether MEL secretion, the expression of its receptors, MT1 and MT2, and sheep epididymal epithelial cell apoptosis is regulated by DHT remains unclear. In this study, we used immunohistochemical staining to detect the distribution patterns of DHT synthetases [5\u03b1\u2010reductase (5\u03b1\u2010red)] and its androgen receptor (AR) in sheep epididymides. 5\u03b1\u2010red1, 5\u03b1\u2010red2 and AR were positively expressed in sperm, epididymal epithelial cells, and the smooth muscle cells of the caput, corpus and cauda regions of the epididymis. DHT concentration and the expression levels of 5\u03b1\u2010red and AR in the caput, corpus and cauda regions were measured by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, liquid chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry, real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. DHT concentration in the caput was significantly higher than those in corpus and cauda, probably because of the high expression of 5\u03b1\u2010red2 in the caput and secretion and transport of DHT by the testicles. DHT inhibited MEL secretion, the expression of its membrane receptors and MEL synthetases in cultured sheep epididymal epithelial cells in vitro. In addition, the Bax\/Bcl\u20102 ratio, ACT CASP3 and caspase\u20103 mRNA expression were also decreased. The decreasing effect was partially reversed after flutamide treatment. Therefore, DHT regulates sheep epididymal function by influencing MEL expression and apoptosis\u2010related factors. This study provides basic data for further research on the reproductive physiology of male animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T12:56:34Z","timestamp":1656680194000},"page":"1244-1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of dihydrotestosterone on melatonin secretion and the expression of melatonin receptors and apoptosis\u2010related factors in sheep epididymides"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Jianlin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"},{"name":"Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key 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