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Detailed information concerning the pituitary\u2010testicular axis following administration of a GnRH\u2010agonist implant is still scarce. Therefore, GnRH\u2010stimulation tests were performed in male dogs, prior to and after surgical and chemical castration. This approach also allowed us to determine plasma concentrations of testosterone and oestradiol in intact male dogs for future reference and to directly compare the effects of surgical and chemical castration on the pituitary\u2010testicular axis. In intact male dogs (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a042) of different breeds GnRH administration induced increased plasma LH, FSH, oestradiol and testosterone concentrations. After surgical castration basal and GnRH\u2010induced plasma FSH and LH concentrations increased pronouncedly. Additionally, basal and GnRH\u2010induced plasma oestradiol and testosterone concentrations decreased after surgical castration. After chemical castration, with a slow\u2010release implant containing the GnRH\u2010agonist deslorelin, plasma LH and FSH concentrations were lower than prior to castration and lower compared with the same interval after surgical castration. Consequently, plasma oestradiol and testosterone concentrations were lowered to values similar to those after surgical castration. GnRH administration to the chemically castrated male dogs induced a significant increase in the plasma concentrations of LH, but not of FSH. In conclusion, after administration of the deslorelin implant, the plasma concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone did not differ significantly from the surgically castrated animals. After GnRH\u2010stimulation, none of the dogs went to pre\u2010treatment testosterone levels. However, at the moment of assessment at 4,4\u2009months (mean 133\u2009days\u2009\u00b1\u2009SEM 4\u2009days), the pituitary gonadotrophs were responsive to GnRH in implanted dogs. The increase of LH, but not of FSH, following GnRH administration indicates a differential regulation of the release of these gonadotrophins, which needs to be considered when GnRH\u2010stimulation tests are performed in implanted dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T14:28:45Z","timestamp":1664288925000},"page":"97-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The function of the pituitary\u2010testicular axis in dogs prior to and following surgical or chemical castration with the GnRH\u2010agonist deslorelin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0995-5503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annemarie","family":"Spruijt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Kooistra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Oei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Vinke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Division Animals in Science &amp; Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Auke","family":"Schaefers\u2010Okkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"De Gier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000364877"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-2758-2.00002-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2021.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.12.003"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"447","article-title":"Mammary changes in male dogs following gestagen treatment. 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