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Macrophage presence was compared in littermate boars treated with letrozole, a treatment which extended this first wave of proliferation beyond the sampling timepoint. Macrophages were identified as the CD68 positive cells following immunohistochemical labelling of paraffin sections and parenchymal macrophages enumerated. Macrophages present in a layer beneath the tunica albuginea received a score based on density and thickness of this layer. Density within the testicular parenchyma was highly variable in vehicle\u2010treated boars (&gt;100\u2010fold) and did not differ from that observed in the letrozole\u2010treated littermates. However, the macrophage layer beneath the tunica albuginea was denser and thicker in the letrozole\u2010treated animals than in their vehicle\u2010treated littermates. 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