{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:58:29Z","timestamp":1747187909309,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]],"date-time":"2023-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study evaluated the effect of sperm concentration of boar semen doses, for intrauterine artificial insemination (IUAI), on semen quality and established concentration limits for their production. Twenty ejaculates from four crossbred mature PIC<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> boars were collected to produce 50\u2009mL semen doses in a split sample, reaching the following sperm concentrations: ~20, 30, 60, and 100\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u2009cells\/mL. Doses were produced using Androstar<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Plus, stored at 17\u00b0C, and evaluated until 120\u2009h of storage. There was a linear decrease in sperm motility as the sperm concentration increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> linear\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). The concentration which no longer affected the total and progressive motility was 59 and 55\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> cells\/mL, respectively (corresponding to 71% and 62%, respectively). The pH linearly decreased as the sperm concentration increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01); yet, at 72 and 120\u2009h, the parameter dramatically reduced in boar semen doses with 60 and 100\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u2009cells\/mL. The percentage of cells with intact plasma and acrosomal membranes or with high mitochondrial membrane potential was not influenced by the sperm concentration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2265\u2009.15). In conclusion, sperm motility was negatively affected in highly (60 and 100\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u2009cells\/mL) concentrated doses. To achieve suitable sperm motility, boar semen doses may not surpass the sperm concentration of 55\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\u2009cells\/mL. The effect of low\u2010concentrated boar semen doses on sperm quality still needs to be better evaluated, mainly considering the influence of extender type and thermo\u2010resistance conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]],"date-time":"2023-03-25T19:38:18Z","timestamp":1679773098000},"page":"785-792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Estimation of sperm concentration limits to produce intrauterine insemination doses in swine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0388-9354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monike","family":"Quirino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Teixeira","family":"da Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9037-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tha\u00eds","family":"Spohr\u00a0Christ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willian Rodrigues","family":"Valadares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7210-1607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"da Rosa\u00a0Ulguim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari Lourdes","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia UFRGS  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7932-9412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Sch\u00f6now (IFN)  Bernau Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Mellagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5302-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando Pandolfo","family":"Bortolozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)  Setor de Su\u00ednos Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800015150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skaa260"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12544"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Management of boars for efficient semen production","volume":"52","author":"Flowers W.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 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Chicago pp. 1\u20135."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2015-0106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-8887-3_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Influence of different extenders, dilution rate and storage time on boar sperm progressive motility","volume":"7","author":"Lipensk\u00fd J.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Research in Pig Breeding"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-017-0062-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.1991.tb01527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Live cells are not affected by dead sperm in liquid boar semen: New insights based on a thermo\u2010resistance test","volume":"00","author":"Quirino M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reproduction in Domestic Animals"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2013.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2021.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176344136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2019.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Influence of seminal plasma and extender on the quality of highly diluted boar semen","volume":"46","author":"Weitze K. 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