{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:58:23Z","timestamp":1783043903920,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,16]],"date-time":"2023-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFD1600700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1600700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explored the specific molecular mechanisms through which repeated estrus synchronization (ES) treatments reduce the reproductive performance of dairy goats. Ninety\u2010six goats (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924\/group) were randomly assigned to two groups receiving ES treatments thrice every fortnight (3\u2010equine chorionic gonadotropin [eCG] and 3\u2010follicle stimulating hormone [FSH] groups) and two groups receiving one ES treatment (1\u2010eCG and 1\u2010FSH groups). ES treatments of 1\u2010 and 3\u2010eCG goats were performed via the intravaginal insertion of a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) device containing 300\u2009mg progesterone (P4), followed by 300\u2009IU eCG injections 48\u2009h before CIDR withdrawal. The 1\u2010 and 3\u2010FSH goats received CIDR for 10\u2009days, followed by 50\u2009IU FSH and 100\u2009\u03bcg PGF2\u03b1 within 12\u2009h of CIDR withdrawal. Ovaries of three goats in estrus from both groups were harvested for analysis. Subsequently, all the goats in estrus were artificially inseminated twice. Consequently, 3\u2010eCG and 3\u2010FSH goats showed a considerably reduced estrus rate and litter size than 1\u2010eCG and 1\u2010FSH goats. AQP3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher in the 3\u2010eCG and 3\u2010FSH groups than in the 1\u2010eCG and 1\u2010FSH groups. <jats:italic>AQP3<\/jats:italic> overexpression led to cell apoptosis and decreased steroid hormone secretion ability of ovarian granulosa cells. Moreover, it resulted in a decrease in maturation and cleavage rates after parthenogenetic activation and in vitro fertilization, respectively. <jats:italic>AQP3<\/jats:italic> gene was involved in reducing the reproductive performance of repeated ES\u2010treated dairy goats. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the effective use of reproductive hormones in breeding techniques for livestock.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]],"date-time":"2023-04-07T10:29:01Z","timestamp":1680863341000},"page":"851-859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of aquaporin 3 in reproductive performance of dairy goats after repeated estrus synchronization stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0636-8362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering Nanyang Normal University  Nanyang Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory 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