{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T21:44:23Z","timestamp":1757540663455,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Duragen\u00ae and skimmed milk (SM) extenders on the quality parameters, bacterial load and fertilization ability of stored ram semen. A total of 50 ejaculates from Sardi rams (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095) aged 2.5\u20133\u2009years, were collected and stored in Duragen\u00ae and SM at 15\u00b0C. The motilities and velocity parameters generated by the CASA system were then evaluated at 0, 8 and 24\u2009h of storage. Afterward, bacterial loads of sperm extended in Duragen\u00ae and SM were determined at 0, 5 and 24\u2009h of incubation. In addition, ewes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009100) aged 2\u2009years, have been chosen in the same herd. The selected ewes were then synchronized and inseminated using semen extended in Duragen\u00ae and SM and stored for 5\u2009h at 15\u00b0C. The results revealed that total and progressive motilities, straight velocity (VSL), straightness (SRT), lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat cross frequency (BCF) were not affected by the extender type after 24\u2009h of storage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). However, curvilinear velocity (VCL), velocity average path (VAP), linearity (LIN) and wobble (WOB) showed higher values in Duragen\u00ae compared with SM extender after 24\u2009h of storage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Bacterial loads were observed mainly in sperm stored in SM at 5\u2009h (183\u2009UFC\/mL) and at 24\u2009h (357\u2009UFC\/mL) of incubation. However, the only case showing a bacterial load in Duragen\u00ae is when the storage time attains 24\u2009h (199\u2009UFC\/mL). Concerning fertility, sperm diluted in both extenders resulting in high fertility rates which reaches 66% and 73% for Duragen\u00ae and SM, respectively, with no statistical difference (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). In summary, Duragen\u00ae extender decreased bacterial load in stored semen and maintained high ram sperm quality and fertility. These findings suggest that Duragen\u00ae extender could be used as SM alternative in ovine artificial insemination (OAI).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T21:32:35Z","timestamp":1687469555000},"page":"1132-1138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative evaluation of Duragen\u00ae and skim milk extenders to enhance ram semen quality and fertility: A promising alternative in ovine artificial insemination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Bouchra","family":"El\u00a0Amiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Unit Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA)  Rabat Morocco"},{"name":"African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI) Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P)  Laayoune Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2878-2377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anass","family":"Ben\u00a0Moula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Unit Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA)  Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"El\u00a0Khelfaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Unit Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA)  Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdellatif","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Unit Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA)  Rabat Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erzsebet","family":"Gyoker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnical Research Station Pharmagene\u2010Farm Ltd.  Mosonmagyarovar Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6093-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e1s","family":"Horv\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-173X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ott\u00f3","family":"Szenci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bvet.v34i1.38709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.656937"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14332"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Effect of extender and storage temperature on sperm motility parameters of liquid ram semen","volume":"6","author":"Benmoula A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Revue Marocaine des Sciences Agronomiques et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaires"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2022.106759"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250\u2010021\u201002627\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2021.1220-1233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11182845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20870\/productions-animales.2009.22.2.3337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21451\/1984\u20103143\u2010AR2018\u20100129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23643"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2020.106179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/AJOB\/2018\/39448"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.21.0300"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413\u201095962002000300006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2020.110396"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12010054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.08.006"}],"container-title":["Reproduction in Domestic Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.14414","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T00:27:57Z","timestamp":1692318477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/rda.14414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/rda.14414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.14414","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-6768","1439-0531"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0936-6768"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1439-0531"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}