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The aim of this study was to determine the histological differences between the epididymis and testis of normal and cryptorchid Bactrian camels and the differences in \u03bb\u2010LC expression in the epididymis and testis of normal and cryptorchid Bactrian camels. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining was used to examine the pathological changes in cryptorchidism. The gene and protein levels of \u03bb\u2010LC were determined using RT\u2010qPCR and western blot. The distribution of \u03bb\u2010LCs was assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Compared with that in normal Bactrian camels, the diameter of the epididymal lumen and the thickness of the epithelium were decreased in the epididymis of cryptorchidic animals. Additionally, no sperm was detected in the cavity of the cryptorchidic epididymis. Meanwhile, the expression of \u03bb\u2010LC was significantly increased in the cryptorchidic epididymis at both the mRNA and protein levels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The highest protein expression of \u03bb\u2010LC was found in epididymal epithelial halo cells and testicular Sertoli cells. These findings suggested that the structural changes observed in the epididymal epithelium of cryptorchidic camels affect its secretory and absorptive functions. Additionally, the high level of \u03bb\u2010LC expression recorded in halo cells suggested that these cells play an important role in epithelial immunity in cryptorchidic Bactrian camels. Furthermore, the high \u03bb\u2010LC expression levels detected in normal testicular Sertoli cells indicated that \u03bb\u2010LCs may be involved in spermatogenesis. The results of this study provide clues for an in\u2010depth study of immunological sterility in cryptorchidic Bactrian camels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T11:30:41Z","timestamp":1702121441000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Histological study of Bactrian camel cryptorchidism and expression of immunoglobulin \u03bb light chain in the testicular and epididymis of cryptorchid Bactrian camel"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2375-211X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dapeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8386-0262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ligang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"},{"name":"Gansu Key Laboratory of Animal Generational Physiology and Reproductive Regulation  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yumei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaoyu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927619014557"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1999.tb03385.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472\u20106483(10)61190\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302\u2010007\u20109069\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.14317"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2012.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg207"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2004.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.082180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102605.2008.00876.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2022.483\u2010487"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.111.012989"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.107.002980"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1431927619014843"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939\u20104640.1999.tb02555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21155377"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/biol\u20102022\u20100065"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939\u20104640.2005.tb02882.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10030666"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203\u2010002\u20100492\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"39","volume-title":"Abstracts of the 8th Congress of the International Society of Developmental and Comparative Immunology","author":"Morrison R. 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