{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:45:02Z","timestamp":1753879502043,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002531","name":"Kyungpook National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002531","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cryptorchidism affects spermatogenesis and testis development, often resulting in stallion subfertility\/infertility. This study aims to identify the specific germ cells impacted by cryptorchism in stallions. In a previous study, we found that PGP9.5 and VASA are molecular markers expressed in different germ cells within stallions. Herein, we assessed the heat stress\u2010induced response of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the seminiferous tubules (ST) of cryptorchid stallion testes (CST) and normal stallion testes (NST). This goal was accomplished by comparing PGP9.5 and VASA expression patterns through reverse transcription quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assays. We also compared the cross\u2010sectional ST area between groups. Six post\u2010pubertal Thoroughbred unilateral cryptorchid stallions were used. The relative abundance of the mRNA transcripts of PGP9.5 and VASA was significantly upregulated in the NST group than in the CST group. Additionally, the cross\u2010sectional ST area and localization of PGP9.5 and VASA in germ cells were significantly higher in the NST group than in the CST group. Regarding Leydig cells, PGP9.5 staining was observed in both groups. Spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and secondary spermatocytes were immunostained with VASA in the NST group, while immunostaining was only observed in spermatogonia in the CST group. These results indicate long\u2010term exposure to heat stress conditions, such as cryptorchidism, directly impacts germ cell proliferation and differentiation, leading to impaired spermatogenesis and compromised fertility in stallions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,13]],"date-time":"2024-04-13T06:49:40Z","timestamp":1712990980000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Expression pattern of germ cell markers in cryptorchid stallion testes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shakeel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National University  Sangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University  Rawalpindi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Younju","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National University  Sangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9112-1796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minjung","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National University  Sangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science Kyungpook National University  Sangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Horse, Companion and Wild Animal Science Kyungpook National University  Sangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000146387"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0737-0806(88)80032-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.58292\/ct.v15.9648"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolreprod\/3.1.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10112169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1986.tb03692.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11162476"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2020.103166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2016.02.227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2020.106562"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ginger\u2010derived 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