{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:23:20Z","timestamp":1791231800420,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spermatozoa can experience negative changes when subjected to freezing and thawing, including lowered motility, viability and acrosome response. Herein, the effects of different concentrations of soybean lecithin nanoparticles on cryopreserved Holstein bull semen were examined. Semen was collected, cryopreserved and utilized for sperm kinetic parameter analysis following dilution, equilibration and thawing with 0.5% soybean lecithin (E1), the control extender, and 0.75% (E2), 0.5% (E3), 0.25% (E4) and 0.125% (E5) of lecithin nanoparticles. Results revealed that following dilution, the progressive motility (PM) at E3, E4 and E5 of lecithin nanoparticles was higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) than it was for E2. After equilibration, compared to the E1, E2, and E3 values, the PM, vitality, normal morphology, membrane integrity and intact acrosome values at the E5 were consistently greater (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Comparing the percentages of intact acrosome and membrane integrity at E2 and E3 to E4 and E5, a substantial decrease (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) was seen. Following thawing, the percentage of PM improved at E2 and E5, even though their mean PM values were similar (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05) compared to E1, E3 and E4. Vigour and progression parameters of sperm (DAP, DCL, DSL, VAP, VCL, VSL and STR) at E5 were higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) than those at E1, E2, E3 and E4. In conclusion, the cryopreserved sperm from Holstein bulls revealed outstanding properties both after equilibration and after thawing with 0.125% lecithin nanoparticles, and they were sensitive to high dosages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T10:52:34Z","timestamp":1717066354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Low concentrations of soybean lecithin nanoparticles had a positive impact on Holstein bulls' cryopreserved semen"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4386-4995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed A.","family":"Abdel\u2010Ghani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University  AL\u2010Ahsa Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of 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