{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T08:46:04Z","timestamp":1771231564619,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The scenario of the fertile spermatozoa with high fertilizing capability is basically dependent on gene expression\u2010based epididymal function. The current investigation aimed to declare the varied expression of different candidate genes (<jats:italic>PLA2G4D<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LCN15<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CLUAP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SPP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>AQP12B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>DEFB110<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ESR1<\/jats:italic>) relevant to spermatozoa features between the different epididymal segments in the mature dromedary camels (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). Scrotal contents were collected post\u2010slaughtering, during the breeding season and the epididymis was separated from the testicles and divided into three segments (caput, corpus and cauda) based on its morphology and anatomical characteristics. Epididymal spermatozoa were harvested from each epididymal portion and evaluated for motility, count, viability and morphology. Samples were grouped depending on their epididymal sperm cells features into high\u2010fertile (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) and low\u2010fertile (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915) groups. The gene expression of the candidate genes was defined in the isolated RNA from each epididymal portion tissue. The segmental sperm motion and count were significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) higher in the three epididymal parts of high\u2010fertile camels than the lower ones. There were some candidate genes markedly up\u2010regulated in its expression in epididymal head of high\u2010fertile camels (<jats:italic>PLA2G4D<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>LCN15<\/jats:italic>) and low fertile (<jats:italic>CLUAP1<\/jats:italic>), while others in the body region of the high\u2010fertile group (<jats:italic>SPP1, AQP12B<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DEFB110<\/jats:italic>). Nevertheless, <jats:italic>ER1<\/jats:italic> did not differ in the expression among the epididymal segments. In conclusion, the variant expression patterns of these epididymal genes in relation to the regional spermatozoa features might suggest important roles of these genes in sperm maturation process in the epididymis and focusing more interest on their potential utility as markers for male camel fertility prediction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T09:55:22Z","timestamp":1721382922000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Region\u2010specific gene expression profile in the epididymis of high\u2010 and low\u2010fertile dromedary camels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Dina E. M.","family":"Rashad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University  Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Department Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed M. M.","family":"El\u2010Sokary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University  Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0482-1207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karima Gh. M.","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Department Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed M. M.","family":"Kandiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University  Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud E. A.","family":"Abou\u00a0El\u2010Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University  Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gamal A. M.","family":"Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University  Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.677799"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Testicular and epididymal morphometry of one\u2010humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Maiduguri Nigeria, and characteristics of their chilled and frozen thawed epididymal spermatozoa extended with Oviplus\u00ae and coconut milk","volume":"13","author":"Ali A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Veterinary and Applied Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13071158"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-0496"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"325","article-title":"Isolation and identification of sperm maturation proteins (ER\u2010\u03b1, CK\u201019, AQP\u20101, and SLPI) in epididymis of bull (Bos taurus)","volume":"7","author":"Awate S.","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioTechnology: An Indian Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1381-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.animal.2023.100795"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gav066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.044735"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13112070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13081355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13721"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1908736116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.13638"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.075739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The adult boar testicular and epididymal transcriptomes","volume":"10","author":"Guyonnet B.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bio Med Central Genomics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M112.020339"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939\u20104640.2000.tb03283.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.110.012872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.106.057323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7262.2007.00317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"The correlation of Limousin Bull's fresh semen quality and their genetic trait according to polymorphic secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) and follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSH\u2010R) encoding gene restriction analysis","volume":"4","author":"Oktanella Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2020.09.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Oviductal reservoir variant with camel spermatozoa retrieved from different epididymal segments","volume":"13","author":"Rashad D. 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