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The in\u00a0vivo part, hormonal evaluation (Kisspeptin\u201010 [Kp\u201010], Gonadotropin inhibiting hormone [GnIH], Luteinizing hormone [LH], Oestrogens [E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>] and cortisol) was performed in sera of both healthy (H) and cows with follicular cysts (FC). The in\u00a0vitro part was concentrated on estimating the distribution of GPR54 (Kp\u201010 receptor) and GPR147 (GnIH receptor) on cystic and preovulatory follicles. Serum concentrations of Kp\u201010, GnIH, LH, E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and cortisol were significantly higher in Group FC compared with Group H. Gene expression analysis showed a reduction in GPR54 mRNA levels in FC compared to preovulatory follicles, while no expression of the GPR147 receptor was detected. The lower presence of GPR54 in FC compared to the preovulatory follicle can be determined by a down\u2010receptor regulation induced by elevated serum concentrations of Kp\u201010 in cows with ovarian FC. 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