{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:45:45Z","timestamp":1788475545169,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cryopreservation of ram semen is challenged by the high polyunsaturated fatty acid content in spermatozoa, which leads to increased oxidative stress and cellular damage. This study explored the potential of orally administered moringa oil (MO) or its microencapsulated form (MON) to protect ram spermatozoa during cryopreservation by assessing their effects on semen quality, antioxidant capacity, apoptosis, seminal metabolic enzyme activity, as well as molecular docking study. Fifteen Rahmani rams were randomly split into three groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095 per group) and fed a basal diet. The control group (CON) received 1\u2009mL of distilled water orally, while the second and third groups received 2\u2009mL of MO or 1\u2009mL of MON, respectively, daily for 4\u2009months. Semen samples were collected bi\u2010weekly using an artificial vagina, pooled, extended and cryopreserved following standard protocols. Results demonstrated significantly higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) post\u2010thaw sperm viability, progressive motility and membrane integrity in the MO group compared to other groups after equilibration (at 5\u00b0C for 4\u2009h), post\u2010thawed ram semen (at 37\u00b0C for 30\u2009s) or incubated at 37\u00b0C and 5% CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for 2\u2009h. Regarding apoptotic sperm, the orally administered MO group had a significantly greater number of viable spermatozoa (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than the other groups. Although all treated groups had a lower percentage of early apoptosis than the control, MON administration resulted in a significant increase in the percentages of necrotic sperm compared to the MO group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The TAC was highest and MDA was lowest (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in the MO group. Molecular docking analysis revealed the binding energies (kcal\/mol) of bioactive compounds from MO including apigenin, ferulic acid and naringenin with three target proteins: ADAM17 (\u22124.47, \u22124.49 and \u22124.88, respectively), DNase1 (\u22124.42, \u22123.47 and \u22124.46, respectively) and SHBG (\u22126.38, \u22124.70 and \u22126.43, respectively). These findings indicate that orally administering MO has a more pronounced positive effect on Rahmani ram semen quality, apoptosis, and antioxidant status following cryopreservation compared to its microencapsulated form.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.70117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T13:36:03Z","timestamp":1756301763000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Enhancing Rahmani Ram Semen Cryosurvival Through Oral Moringa Oil and Microencapsulation: In\u00a0Vivo and In Silico Mechanistic Insights"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9539-3246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wael A.","family":"Khalil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa M. A.","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya A.","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara I.","family":"Grawish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Production Research Institute Agriculture Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture  Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amany A.","family":"Elkashef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rehab F. S. A.","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6873-0718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameh A.","family":"Abdelnour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture Zagazig University  Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140928"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9080561"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14139"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-37424-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2024.107429"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26797-5_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2024.107494"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-20-0183"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.2006.00712.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.951"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meafoo.2022.100045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731117000088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/jappmu.2016.48804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Biochemical Changes of Chilled Rabbit Semen Diluted in Tris Based Extender Enriched With Different Concentrations of Moringa oleifera Leaves Extract","volume":"32","author":"El\u2010Seadawy I.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Benha Veterinary Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-022-03344-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"417","article-title":"Effect of Addition of Moringa oleifera Extract to TRIS Extender on the Preservability of Cattle Bull Semen","volume":"9","author":"El\u2010Sheshtawy R. I.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Veterinary Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/805328"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Significance of Graded Doses of Aqueous Seed Extract of Moringa oleifera (L) on Live Body Weight, Gonadal, Extragonadal Dimensions and Sperm Reserves of Yankasa Rams","volume":"1","author":"Iliyasu D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Sustainable Veterinary & Allied Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Evaluation of Safety, Proximate and Efficacy of Graded Dose of Moringa oleifera Aqueous Seed Extract as Supplement That Improve Live\u2010Body Weight and Scrotal Circumference in Yankasa Ram","volume":"10","author":"Iliyasu D.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Livestock Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2018.1548873"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2021.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2023.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13182973"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2024.107472"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.70062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2006.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09537104.2013.801947"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-3143-ar2024-0031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AN25104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/epj.epj_37_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/spmg.1.3.17894"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6325169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids","author":"NRC","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1518-0557.20210032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-030222-120000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(03)00081-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/apjr.apjr_159_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24086995"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-024-01099-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2025.106708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2021.1953411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","first-page":"273","volume-title":"Progress in Medicinal Chemistry","author":"Stanzione F.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-024-00535-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12156096"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10040591"}],"container-title":["Reproduction in Domestic Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.70117","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T10:14:56Z","timestamp":1756376096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/rda.70117"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/rda.70117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.70117","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-6768","1439-0531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0936-6768","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70117"}}