{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T12:18:39Z","timestamp":1788351519789,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ORF\u20102026\u2010693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORF\u20102026\u2010693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Genetic selection is crucial to increase the reproductive performance of stud donkeys. Testicular development and spermatogenesis involve numerous genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, circRNAs in the male reproductive system of donkeys remain unexplored. This study comprehensively analysed testicular samples from Dezhou donkeys at three different age stages for circRNA using transcriptome data. A total of nine Dezhou donkeys were divided into three groups based on their developmental stages: juvenile (two\u2010month\u2010old,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093), adolescent (12\u2010month\u2010old,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093) and adult (24\u2010month\u2010old,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093) donkeys. We identified 12,084 candidate circRNAs, with 6409 circRNAs specific to the juvenile stage, 6616 to the adolescent stage and 10,031 to the adult stage, respectively. Among these, 3908 circRNAs were expressed across all three age stages. Differential expression analysis revealed 2419 circRNAs exhibiting age\u2010dependent expression changes. Eight circRNAs showed consistent differential expression across all age stages, while specific differential expression patterns were observed between different age pairs. Five representative differentially expressed circRNAs were validated by RT\u2010qPCR, and their expression patterns were consistent with the RNA\u2010sequencing results. Moreover, enrichment analyses of differentially expressed circRNA target genes demonstrated significant enrichment in pathways related to male reproductive processes, including sperm egg recognition and sperm binding to the zona pellucida. Additionally, a circRNA\u2010miRNA\u2010mRNA network, comprising 350 circRNAs, 29 miRNAs and 39 mRNAs, is providing insights into the regulatory mechanisms of non\u2010coding RNAs in testes. In conclusion, circRNA expression patterns are involved in the reproductive biology of testicular development and spermatogenesis in Dezhou donkeys.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.70310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T14:13:17Z","timestamp":1787321597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Landscape of Circular RNAs in Testes of Dezhou Donkey During Distinct Developmental Stages"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2610-4539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zulfiqar","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Network &amp; Information Center Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology Huazhong Agiculture University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Poonch  Rawalakot Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Network &amp; Information Center Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farid Shokry","family":"Ataya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Science King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6335-9633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahid","family":"Naseer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University  Rawalpindi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsin","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Poonch  Rawalakot Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shakeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University  Rawalpindi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Zubair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of Poonch  Rawalakot Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal Ayub","family":"Kiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science Bahauddin Zakriya University  Multan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Network &amp; Information Center Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.14502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1170-8_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10040718"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78469-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"Animal Genetic Resources in China\u2010Horses, Donkeys, and Camels","author":"Chang H.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbaa001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15476286.2015.1020271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-1831-8_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-822265-2.00015-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39080"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Histological Techniques","author":"Drury R. 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