{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T12:18:27Z","timestamp":1788351507361,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reprod Domestic Animals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of long\u2010acting progesterone (P4) versus a P4\u2010releasing intravaginal device (PRID) in restoring ovarian activity in dromedary camels with inactive ovaries, and to determine whether P4 priming is necessary before eCG administration. Seventy\u2010five camels were equally assigned to three groups: a control group receiving only 1500\u2009IU eCG; a PRID group treated with a 12\u2010day PRID\u0394 followed by eCG; and a P4 long\u2010acting (P4 LA) group administered 1500\u2009mg P4 LA followed by eCG on Day 12. Serum P4 and estradiol (E2) levels were measured on Days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20, and reproductive outcomes were recorded. Results showed that the P4 LA group exhibited a rapid increase followed by a sharp decline in P4 levels, whereas the PRID group maintained more stable\u00a0P4 levels, with a gradual decrease by Day 12. Moreover, from Day 16 onward, primed groups had significantly higher E2 levels than controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The response rate was 100% in the primed groups versus 60% in controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and the interval from eCG injection to ovulatory follicle development was shorter in primed groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The 18\u2010day conception rate was highest in the PRID group (100%), followed by P4 LA (84%) and controls (53.3%). However, the pregnancy rate at Day 60 did not differ between PRID (84%) and P4 LA (80%) groups, both of which were significantly higher than controls (13.3%) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In conclusion, P4 priming is essential before eCG administration, and LA P4 offers practical advantages for field veterinarians.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.70312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:28:11Z","timestamp":1787567291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparison of Long\u2010Acting Progesterone and Intravaginal Device Priming Protocols for Inducing Ovarian Activity in Dromedary Camels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9604-3475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Moussa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Smart Camel Center  Umm Al Quwain UAE"},{"name":"Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University  Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salahaddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Smart Camel Center  Umm Al Quwain UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Smart Camel Center  Umm Al Quwain UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamaal","family":"Pasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Smart Camel Center  Umm Al Quwain UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36326\/kjvs\/2017\/v8i14316"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The Use of Estrus Synchronization and Timed Artificial Insemination in Dromedary She\u2010Camels in Saudi Arabia","volume":"1","author":"Al\u2010Sobayil K. A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(97)00017-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56093\/ijans.v94i10.151044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"711","article-title":"Evaluation of out\u2010of\u2010season estrus induction protocols in progesterone\u2010primed mix\u2010breed dairy goats using eCG, GnRH and E2","volume":"53","author":"Carrillo E.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Animal Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"Chhaibi H. A.Campbell K.Pasha andA.Tibary.2016.\u201cPharmacokinetics of a Long\u2010Acting Progesterone Formulation in Female Camels.\u201d Paper Presented at the Camelid Reproduction Satellite Symposium. Tours France."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Cooper M. J.Skidmore W.Allen et\u00a0al.1992.\u201cAttempts to Stimulate and Synchronise Ovulation and Superovulation in Dromedary Camels for Embryo Transfer.\u201d Proceedings of the First International Camel Conference Dubai 2nd\u20136th February."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-025-04599-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9755\/ejfa.v27i4.19907"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2019.542-550"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"634","article-title":"Impact of GnRH Analogues and Exogenous Progesterone Supplementation in Treatment of Ovarian Inactivity for Primiparous and Multiparous Dromedary She\u2010Camels in Egypt","volume":"12","author":"Ghallab R. S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41207-020-00194-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2015.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2019.106026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Studies on Pituitary\u2010Ovarian Axis in the Female Camel With Special Reference to Cystic and Inactive Ovaries","volume":"1","author":"Hegazy A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Camel Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:2005053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0531.2003.00411.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/ajvs.1224"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/jvmr.2008.77823"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2019.106028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-016-1037-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"7830","article-title":"Reproductive Efficiency of \n                     Bos indicus\n                   Cows Under Different Estradiol\u2010Free Ovulation Synchronization Protocols","volume":"11","author":"Lemos L. 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A.Chaudhry M.Billah andA.Billah.1992.\u201c\u2018The Recovery and Transfer of Embryos in the Dromedary Camel\u2019: Results of Preliminary Experiments.\u201d 137\u2013142."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9960863"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2011.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.104190"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2015.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2018.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18548\/aspe\/0002.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2006.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RDv33n2Ab74"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.58292\/CT.v17.11652"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2009-2627"}],"container-title":["Reproduction in Domestic Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.70312","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/rda.70312","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/rda.70312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:42:46Z","timestamp":1788349366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/rda.70312"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/rda.70312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/rda.70312","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0936-6768","1439-0531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0936-6768","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-0531","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70312"}}