{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:03:50Z","timestamp":1761807830380},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]],"date-time":"2013-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p>Randomized controlled trials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>) were carried out to investigate the role of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content>) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>). However, these studies have small sample size and different measures for evaluating outcomes, and convey inconclusive results. We carried out a meta\u2010analysis to assess the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content> to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A computerized search was performed through <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>ub<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ed and Embase databases (up to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2012) for relevant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RCT<\/jats:styled-content>. Two investigators independently screened the articles. The primary outcome measures were quadriceps strength and exercise capacity, secondary outcomes included dyspnoea and muscle fibre characteristics. The weighted mean difference (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content>) or standardized mean difference and the 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) were calculated, and the heterogeneity was assessed with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><\/jats:styled-content> test.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Eight trials involving 156 patients were included in this meta\u2010analysis. We found that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content> was not associated with significant changes in quadriceps strength (standardized mean difference 0.38; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u22120.13\u20130.89) nor 6\u2009min walk distance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content> 13.63\u2009m; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u221217.39\u201344.65). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content> failed to improve the muscle fibre characteristics (type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content> 1.09%; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u221219.45\u201321.64; type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IIa<\/jats:styled-content>: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content> \u22127.50%; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u221219.81\u20134.81). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content> significantly improved dyspnoea (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WMD<\/jats:styled-content> \u22120.98 scores; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u22121.42\u2013 \u22120.54).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Evidence to support the benefits of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content> to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content> patients is currently inadequate. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>arger\u2010scale studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NMES<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]],"date-time":"2013-11-21T09:06:17Z","timestamp":1385024777000},"page":"22-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Lack of efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the lower limbs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University  Binzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YongZhong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University  Xuzhou 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