{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T11:36:23Z","timestamp":1791804983650,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,26]],"date-time":"2014-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 1963, the first bronchoscopic lung biopsy was performed. Less than 10 years later, the technique of transbronchial lung biopsy using a flexible bronchoscope was introduced into clinical practice, significantly reducing the rate of major complications and the rate of surgical lung biopsies in patients with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. The diagnostic yield of transbronchial lung biopsy varies among various parenchymal lung diseases. In pulmonary sarcoidosis and lymphangitis carcinomatosa, a diagnosis can be obtained in up to 80% of patients. This method is considered inadequate, however, in identifying more complex histological patterns such as usual interstitial pneumonitis or nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. Introduction of the \u2018jumbo forceps\u2019 and of a more \u2018surgically oriented\u2019 procedural setting (patients deeply sedated and intubated) allowed larger and more numerous lung specimens to be obtained without a significant increase of complications such as pneumothorax or bronchial bleeding. However, the possibility to obtain enough parenchymal tissue for a morphological diagnosis of complex patterns remained unmet. Recently, the use of cryoprobes has achieved a significant impact on this issue allowing to obtain large quantity of tissue. Recent studies document that with transbronchial cryobiopsies the diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonitis can be made confidently by pathologists with a good inter\u2010observer agreement. Pneumothorax is the main complication (reported in up to one fourth of cases in some series); bronchial bleeding is easily controlled using Fogarty balloon. Transbronchial cryobiopsy is a promising new technique that may become a valid alternative to surgical lung biopsy in the near feature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,27]],"date-time":"2014-05-27T03:08:38Z","timestamp":1401160118000},"page":"645-654","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Lung cryobiopsies: A paradigm shift in diagnostic bronchoscopy?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Venerino","family":"Poletti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diseases of the Thorax\/Pulmonology Unit Ospedale GB Morgagni  Forl\u00ec Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Luca","family":"Casoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diseases of the Thorax\/Pulmonology Unit Ospedale GB Morgagni  Forl\u00ec Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Gurioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diseases of the Thorax\/Pulmonology Unit Ospedale GB Morgagni  Forl\u00ec Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay H.","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Tomassetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diseases of the Thorax\/Pulmonology Unit Ospedale GB Morgagni  Forl\u00ec Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.48.2.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.62.2.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.67.5.532"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000076670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.157.6.1950861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy in alveolar and\/or ground glass opacification","volume":"54","author":"Cazzato S","year":"1999","journal-title":"Monaldi. 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