{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:20:48Z","timestamp":1773307248884,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]],"date-time":"2014-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies showed that both sepsis and antibiotic therapy are associated with cell death and linked to reactive oxygen species generation. This study investigated the effects of intratracheal administration of combinations of antioxidants (n\u2010acetyl cysteine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAC<\/jats:styled-content>), vitamins <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>) in the treatment of sepsis\u2010induced lung injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010six male <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>W<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>istar<\/jats:italic> rats subjected to sepsis were treated with ceftriaxone plus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAC<\/jats:styled-content> with or without vitamins <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> and compared to appropriate controls. As an index of oxidative damage protein carbonyls, sulfhydryl groups, lipid peroxidation and superoxide anion were measured, as well as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Histopathological alterations and mortality rate were also analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four hours after sepsis induction, markers of oxidative stress increased in all lungs examined. Ceftriaxone plus intratracheal combination of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAC<\/jats:styled-content>, vitamins <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content> decreased lung injury in infected animals by reducing superoxide anion production (54%), lipid peroxidation (53%) and protein carbonyl (58%) and restored the redox status (7.5 times). This therapy also reduced the imbalance of antioxidant enzymes activities and attenuated the alveolar architectural disorganization, inflammatory cell infiltration and pulmonary oedema. Survival increased from 66.6% with ceftriaxone to 83.2% with ceftriaxone plus antioxidants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ceftriaxone plus intratracheal co\u2010administration of antioxidants provides better protection, by decreasing pulmonary oxidative stress, limiting histophatological alterations and improving survival. Antioxidants should be explored as a co\u2010adjuvant in the treatment of severe lung injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]],"date-time":"2014-08-14T06:19:42Z","timestamp":1407997182000},"page":"1080-1087","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Intratracheal co\u2010administration of antioxidants and ceftriaxone reduces pulmonary injury and mortality rate in an experimental model of sepsis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Andre M.","family":"Galv\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami\u2014LIKA  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcela S.O.","family":"Wanderley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami\u2014LIKA  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami\u2014LIKA  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos A.M.","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami\u2014LIKA  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio R.","family":"Melo\u2010Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Federal University of Pernambuco\u2014UFPE  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciano A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Extreme South of Santa Catarina University  Crici\u00fama Santa Catarina Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Em\u00edlio L.","family":"Streck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Extreme South of Santa Catarina University  Crici\u00fama Santa Catarina Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armele F.","family":"Dornelas de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Federal University of Pernambuco\u2014UFPE  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria B.","family":"Souza Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Federal University of Pernambuco\u2014UFPE  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celia M.M.","family":"Barbosa de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami\u2014LIKA  Recife Pernambuco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.6_suppl.314S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/374750"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2004.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2009.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702604"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.6.9903043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00059-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"341","article-title":"Effect of N\u2010acetyl\u2010L\u2010cysteine on sepsis in mice","volume":"292","author":"Villa P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. 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