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Although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CF<\/jats:styled-content> airways disease appears to start in the small airways, in adults there is typically widespread bronchiectasis, increased airway secretions, and extensive obstruction and inflammation of the small airways. The complexity and heterogeneity of airways disease in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CF<\/jats:styled-content> means that although there are many different methods of assessing and describing lung \u2018function\u2019, none of these single\u2010dimensional tests is able to provide a comprehensive assessment of lung physiology across the spectrum seen in adult <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CF<\/jats:styled-content>. The most widely described measure, the forced expiratory volume in 1\u2009s, remains a useful and simple clinical tool, but is insensitive to early changes and may be dissociated from other more detailed assessments of disease severity such as computed tomography. In this review, we also discuss the use of more sensitive novel assessments such as multiple breath washout tests and impulse oscillometry, as well as the role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing. In the future, hyperpolarized gas magnetic resonance imaging techniques that combine regional structural and functional information may help us to better understand these measures, their applications and limitations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,15]],"date-time":"2014-09-15T08:39:09Z","timestamp":1410770349000},"page":"33-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Putting lung function and physiology into perspective: cystic fibrosis in adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Alex","family":"Horsley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Research Group Institute of Inflammation and Repair University of Manchester  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Manchester Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre North West Lung Centre University Hospital of South Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Lung Health Glenfield Hospital University Hospitals of Leicester  Leicester UK"},{"name":"Department of Infection Immunity and Inflammation University of Leicester  Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d1008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043184"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.58.071905.105316"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1144"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2007.082388"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201311-1932OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00010.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08030381"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","volume-title":"Oxford Respiratory Medicine Library: Cystic Fibrosis","author":"Gilchrist FJ","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Small airways disease in cystic fibrosis","volume":"35","author":"Brownlee K","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. 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