{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:49:45Z","timestamp":1790794185821,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Pathological phenotypes of asthma have been based predominantly on inflammation, rather than airway wall remodelling. Differences in the distribution of airway smooth muscle (\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) remodelling between large and small airways may affect clinical outcomes in asthma. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n remodelling and its relation to airway inflammation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Post\u2010mortem cases of asthma (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200968) were categorized by the distribution of increased thickness of the\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n layer (relative to nonasthmatic controls,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200937), into \u2018large only\u2019 (\n LO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200915), \u2018small only\u2019 (\n SO<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20094) \u2018large\/small\u2019 (\n LS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200924) or no increase (\n NI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200925). Subject characteristics,\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n and airway wall dimensions and inflammatory cell numbers were compared between groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Apart from reduced clinical severity of asthma in\n NI<\/jats:styled-content>\n cases (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.002), subject characteristics did not distinguish asthma groups. Compared with control subjects,\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n cell number, reticular basement membrane thickness, airway wall thickness, percent muscle shortening and eosinophil number were increased (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009< 0.05) in both large and small airways in\n LS<\/jats:styled-content>\n cases and only the large airways in\n LO<\/jats:styled-content>\n cases. Increased numbers of neutrophils were observed only in the small airways of\n LO<\/jats:styled-content>\n cases.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Distinct distributions of\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n remodelling are seen in asthma. Pathology limited to the small airways was uncommon. Increased thickness of the\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n layer was associated with airway remodelling and eosinophilia, but not neutrophilia. These data support the presence of distinct pathological phenotypes based on the site of increased\n ASM<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T04:08:15Z","timestamp":1411704495000},"page":"66-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Distribution of airway smooth muscle remodelling in asthma: Relation to airway inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"John G.","family":"Elliot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis H.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais","family":"Mauad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Sao Paulo University Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen O.","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine The Children's Hospital at Westmead Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony R.","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James Hogg Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan L.","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacology University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00181608"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201110-1849OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2006-0418OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01133.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.12.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2012.02250.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1544"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-203711"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22388"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2013-0029OC","article-title":"Estimating airway smooth muscle cell volume and number in airway sections. 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