{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T15:20:45Z","timestamp":1780413645359,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]],"date-time":"2014-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1411430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Airway resistance and reactance measured by forced oscillometry have been used to measure the severity of airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>) patients. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of tachypnoea on airway resistance and reactance and to correlate these with the severity of dyspnoea. We also evaluated the effects of short\u2010acting \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010agonist (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SABA<\/jats:styled-content>) on these measurements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Airway resistance and reactance were measured with an impulse oscillation system (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOS<\/jats:styled-content>) in 20 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content> and 10 control participants during resting respiration and metronome\u2010paced breathing at 20, 30 and 40 tidal breaths\/min. The same measurements were made for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content> patients after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SABA<\/jats:styled-content> inhalation. Dyspnoea was evaluated using the modified Medical Research Council (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRC<\/jats:styled-content>) scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>, higher respiratory rates increased expiratory and inspiratory resistance at 5\u2009Hz (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>5), the difference in respiratory resistance at 5\u2009Hz and 20\u2009Hz (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>5\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>20), resonant frequency and decreased expiratory reactance. The decreases in expiratory reactance from 20 to 40 tidal breaths\/min were significantly correlated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRC<\/jats:styled-content> scores. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SABA<\/jats:styled-content> inhalation significantly reduced the effect of increased respiratory rate on the reactance measurements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Characteristic changes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOS<\/jats:styled-content> measurements, particularly expiratory reactance, induced by increased respiratory rates, were correlated with severity of dyspnoea in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content> patients during their daily lives. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IOS<\/jats:styled-content> and paced breathing may be useful for assessing breathlessness in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,23]],"date-time":"2014-09-23T08:19:25Z","timestamp":1411460365000},"page":"87-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effect of increasing respiratory rate on airway resistance and reactance in <scp>COPD<\/scp> patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Misa","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine Institute of Biomedical &amp; 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